Hypoxia inducible factor-1α drives cancer resistance to cuproptosis.

Cancer Cell

National Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical Science, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Biomarkers for Cancer Precision Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address:

Published: March 2025

Cuproptosis represents a new type of cell death that intricately associated with copper homeostasis and protein lipoylation. The cuproptosis suppression has been characterized in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we reveal that hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a driver of cuproptosis resistance in solid tumor. We found that HIF-1α activates pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 and 3 (PDK1/3), resulting in decreased expression of dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT) (target of copper), and promotes the accumulation of metallothionein, which sequesters mitochondrial copper, leading to resistance to cuproptosis under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, we discovered that high levels of copper reduce ubiquitination and increase the stability of HIF-1α protein without affecting its mRNA levels. Inhibition of HIF-1α increases the susceptibility of cancer to cuproptosis in vivo. This study unveils the multifaceted role of HIF-1α in cuproptosis and demonstrates the molecular mechanism of hypoxia-promoted carcinogenesis.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2025.02.015DOI Listing

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