Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can cause a wide range of physical, neurobehavioral, and neurocognitive impairments that impact developmental trajectories throughout the lifespan. Clinically, individuals who have been exposed to alcohol prenatally and who show physical or neurobehavioral difficulties may be classified as having a condition included in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). The aim of this chapter is to summarize the current knowledge of FASD including diagnostic criteria, neurobehavioral outcomes, lifespan considerations, and interventions. Individuals with PAE exhibit challenges in the cognitive domains of executive functioning, general intelligence, motor function, learning, and memory. Aggression, trouble with the law, and oppositional behavior are also commonly associated with individuals with FASD. The effects of PAE can be attributed to altered neural development such as smaller total brain volume and structural abnormalities. Prenatal exposure to alcohol increases risk for co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions and psychiatric disorders. This chapter will also review the current literature on pre- and postnatal interventions to target the effects of PAE.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2024_569 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Identifying family environment profiles in families of children with prenatal alcohol exposure.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken)
March 2025
Center for Behavioral Teratology and Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA.
Background: Individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) may face unique family environments that potentially influence adaptive functioning and behavioral challenges. This study aimed to identify profiles of families of children with PAE based on family characteristics, including cohesion, conflict, and organization, and to examine the relationship between family environment profiles and child outcomes.
Methods: Data were collected from caregivers of 283 youth (5-17 years) with histories of PAE.
Mutations in the Bone Morphogenetic Protein signaling pathway sensitize zebrafish and humans to ethanol-induced jaw malformations.
Dis Model Mech
March 2025
University of Louisville School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY, USA.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) describe ethanol-induced developmental defects including craniofacial malformations. While ethanol-sensitive genetic mutations contribute to facial malformations, the impacted cellular mechanisms remain unknown. Bmp signaling is a key regulator of epithelial morphogenesis driving facial development, providing a possible ethanol-sensitive mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealthcare utilisation and characteristics of adults with fetal alcohol syndrome: a descriptive population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada.
J Intellect Dev Disabil
March 2025
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
Background: Adults with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) experience many adverse health and social outcomes, yet their healthcare utilisation is under-researched.
Method: This population-based descriptive cohort study utilised ICES provincial administrative health databases and Canadian Death Vital Statistics to identify adults with FAS via usage of hospital-based services (2002-2013) and examine their demographics, healthcare utilisation, mental health and addiction diagnoses, and mortality during follow-up (2014-2017).
Results: 565 adults with FAS were included in the cohort.
Investigation of the protein corona and biodistribution profile of polymeric nanoparticles for intra-amniotic delivery.
Biomaterials
March 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. Electronic address:
When exposed to the biological environment, nanoparticles (NPs) form a protein corona that influences delivery profile. We present a study of protein corona formation and NP biodistribution in amniotic fluid (AF) for poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(lactic-acid) (PLA) NPs, with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG), as well as poly(amine-co-ester)-PEG (PACE-PEG) NPs. The presence of surface PEG and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were characterized to investigate surfactant role in determining protein corona formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExamining Alcohol Screening Rates During Pregnancy and Documentation of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in a Public Health District in Australia.
J Adv Nurs
March 2025
Drug and Alcohol Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, New South Wales, Australia.
Aim: This study aimed to examine alcohol-screening rates during pregnancy and documentation of prenatal alcohol exposure in a public health district in Australia.
Design: A descriptive study using a retrospective medical record audit.
Methods: Alcohol screening data of 45,048 pregnancies recorded by four public antenatal clinics between 2010 and 2021 were obtained.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!