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Extravasation of Borrelia burgdorferi Across the Blood-Brain Barrier is an Extremely Rare Event.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
March 2025
Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
Lyme disease, the most widespread tick-borne disease in North America, is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb). Approximately 10-15% of infections result in neuroborreliosis, common symptoms of which include headaches, facial palsy, and long-term cognitive impairment. Previous studies of Bb dissemination focus on assessing Bb transmigration at static time points rather than analyzing the complex dynamic process of extravasation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPregnenolone Sulfate Permeation at the Blood-Brain Barrier is Independent of OATP2B1-In Vivo and In Vitro Insights.
Biopharm Drug Dispos
March 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmacy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Sulfated steroids such as pregnenolone sulfate (PregS) are important for neuronal development and cognitive functions. Given the hydrophilic sulfate moiety, it is assumed that PregS requires an active transport mechanism to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The human organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)2B1 has been previously shown to transport sulfated steroids and is therefore a proposed candidate for the transport of PregS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutomatic diagnosis of abdominal pathologies in untrimmed ultrasound videos.
Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg
March 2025
Ircad Africa, Kigali, Rwanda.
Purpose: Despite major advances in Computer Assisted Diagnosis (CAD), the need for carefully labeled training data remains an important clinical translation barrier. This work aims to overcome this barrier for ultrasound video-based CAD, using video-level classification labels combined with a novel training strategy to improve the generalization performance of state-of-the-art (SOTA) video classifiers.
Methods: SOTA video classifiers were trained and evaluated on a novel ultrasound video dataset of liver and kidney pathologies, and they all struggled to generalize, especially for kidney pathologies.
Tracking In Vivo Lipolysis of Lipid Nanocarriers Using NIR-II Polarity-Sensitive Fluorescent Probes.
Small Methods
March 2025
School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.
Elucidating in vivo lipolysis is crucial for clarifying the underlying mechanisms and in vivo fates of lipid-based nanocarriers, which are essential oral drug delivery carriers. Current mainstream methodologies use various in vitro digestion models to predict the in vivo performance of lipid formulations; however, their accuracy is often impeded by the complicated environment of the gastrointestinal tract. Although fluorescence labeling with conventional probes partly reveals the in vivo translocation of lipid nanocarriers, it fails to elucidate the lipolysis process because of poor signal discrimination among nanocarriers, free probes, and mixed micelles (lipolysis end-products).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Light scattering in biological tissue presents a significant challenge for deep imaging. Our previous work demonstrated the ability to achieve optical transparency in live mice using intensely absorbing dye molecules, which created transparency in the red spectrum while blocking shorter-wavelength photons. In this paper, we extend this capability to achieve optical transparency across the entire visible spectrum by employing molecules with strong absorption in the ultraviolet spectrum and sharp absorption edges that rapidly decline upon entering the visible spectrum.
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