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Should Calcium Supplementation be Abandoned in Patients With Calcinosis Cutis?
J Cutan Med Surg
March 2025
Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Calcinosis cutis, characterized by the pathological deposition of insoluble calcium salts in the skin, is associated with several disease entities, particularly autoimmune conditions such as scleroderma and dermatomyositis. Lesions of calcinosis are often painful, prone to ulceration, and significantly impair quality of life. Despite the clinical impact, no effective treatments have been established to date, making prevention of this condition a critical priority.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInnovative care models: Expanding nurses' and optometrists' roles in ophthalmology.
Nurs Ethics
March 2025
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Uehiro Oxford Institute, University of Oxford.
The expanding demands of healthcare necessitate novel methods of increasing the supply of trained professionals to enhance the delivery of care services. One means of doing so is to expand allied health professionals' scope of practice. This paper explores the ethics of two examples of such expansion in ophthalmology, comparing the widely accepted practice of nurses administering intravitreal injections and the relatively less prevalent optometrists functioning as physician extenders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpectancy Effects, Failure of Blinding Integrity, and Placebo Response in Trials of Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders: A Narrative Review.
JAMA Psychiatry
March 2025
Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Importance: Expectancy effects are significant confounding factors in psychiatric randomized clinical trials (RCTs), potentially affecting the interpretation of study results. This narrative review is the first, to our knowledge, to explore the relationship between expectancy effects, compromised blinding integrity, and the effects of active treatment/placebo in psychiatric RCTs. Additionally, we present statistical and experimental approaches that may help mitigate the confounding impact of expectancy effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Change Implicit Associations Against Alcohol in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Preregistered Clinical Trial.
Addict Biol
March 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Neurophysiology and Interventional Neuropsychiatry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Addictive behaviour is shaped by the dynamic interaction of implicit, bottom-up and explicit, top-down cognitive processes. In alcohol use disorder (AUD), implicit alcohol-related associations have been shown to predict increased subsequent alcohol consumption and are linked to the risk of relapse. Explicit cognitive processes, exerting prefrontal top-down control, are particularly significant during the critical period following the decision to abstain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural Cerebellar and Lateral Frontoparietal Networks are altered in CUD: An SBM Analysis.
Addict Biol
March 2025
Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
Repetitive drug use results in enduring structural and functional changes in the brain. Addiction research has consistently revealed significant modifications in key brain networks related to reward, habit, salience, executive function, memory and self-regulation. Techniques like Voxel-based Morphometry have highlighted large-scale structural differences in grey matter across distinct groups.
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