bacteremia in infants co-infected with cytomegalovirus and respiratory syncytial virus.

Introduction: Hematogenous infections caused by are rare. This study aimed to increase clinicians' knowledge of bacteremia.

Methods: We described a case of an infant with bacteremia, searched and reviewed for bacteremia-related literatures published in the PubMed database between 1946 to 2022.

Results: A 3-month-old male infant was admitted to the hospital with a respiratory tract infection. Respiratory pathogen testing indicated the presence of , cytomegalovirus, and respiratory syncytial viruses. Blood metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) confirmed bacteremia. After 32 days of anti-infective treatment and supportive therapy, the patient's condition improved, and he was discharged. The literature review found that bacteremia is rare, often with fever as the first symptom, and is most common in individuals with underlying diseases or prolonged immunosuppressive therapy.

Discussion: In infants lacking specific protective antibodies against , bacteremia should be considered when bacteremia-associated clinical manifestations are present and the causative organism remains undetected. Timely refinement of mNGS can help clarify the diagnosis.