Gout is typically characterized by hyperuricemia and monosodium urate deposition in and around the joints. In individuals affected by gout, the condition can progress through the following phases: asymptomatic hyperuricemia, monosodium urate crystal deposition, acute gout, intercritical period, and chronic gout. Two of the following are required to establish the diagnosis of gout: at least two attacks, observation or a history of podagra or the presence of a tophus, and prompt response after starting treatment with colchicine. A 65-year-old man whose acute gout attack presented with a warm, exquisitely tender, erythematous, area of swelling that affected the first metatarsal of his left great toe (podagra) is described. A short oral course of prednisone treatment successfully managed his acute gout attack. His subsequent workup revealed a slightly elevated serum uric acid level and bilateral gout-related bone changes that were demonstrated on the roentgenograms of his feet. Several systemic medications are available for the management of acute and chronic gout and to prevent the recurrence of gout. However, for individuals who cannot tolerate or are unwilling to use these drugs, an approach that incorporates alternative and complementary medicine may be considered. The patient was not able to be treated with the standard systemic medications that are usually used for individuals with gout. He decided to take vitamin C (at a daily dose alternating from 500 mg to 1000 mg) after his acute attack resolved, since vitamin C has been demonstrated to lower serum uric acid levels and reduce the risk of gout. After a follow-up period of nearly one year, he has not had a recurrent acute gout attack. In conclusion, several systemic medications are recommended for the treatment and prevention of gout; however, for those individuals in whom the standard drugs for managing gout are either ineffective or contraindicated, alternative and complementary medicines may be used for the management of gout.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.78343 | DOI Listing |
Circ Rep
March 2025
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine Tochigi Japan.
Background: Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular events during treatment with febuxostat vs. allopurinol, but comparative data with another xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor (XORi), topiroxostat, are lacking. In this retrospective study we compared the incidence of cardiovascular/renal events in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed hyperuricemia and/or gout treated with allopurinol, febuxostat or topiroxostat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Aspergillus flavus Urate oxidase (AFUOX) is promising for potential therapeutic applications, particularly in gout treatment. However, the enzyme's low thermostability and solubility limit its efficacy. A targeted mutation, substituting Gln with Leu at position 269 (Q269L) has been proposed to enhance its stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Intern Med
March 2025
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (J.D.F.).
Gout is characterized by deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in or around joints, tendons, bursae, and other tissues, resulting in painful recurrent flares and tissue damage. Gout is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis, with a prevalence of 5.1% in the United States, affecting 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA
March 2025
CHU Nimes, Service de Neurologie, Univ Montpellier, Nimes, France.
Importance: Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with the risk of disease activity, but data on the benefits of supplementation are conflicting.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of high-dose cholecalciferol as monotherapy in reducing disease activity in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) typical for MS.
Design, Setting, And Participants: The D-Lay MS trial was a parallel, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial in 36 MS centers in France.
Afr J Lab Med
February 2025
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Background: Hyperuricaemia is a risk factor for gout and independently predicts hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease development. While elevated uric acid levels occur in HIV patients, and weight gain is linked to dolutegravir-based therapy, data on the obesity-hyperuricaemia relationship in this population remain limited.
Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between obesity and hyperuricaemia among HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in South-Western Uganda.
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