Experimental studies are widely considered as the gold standard for discovering new evidence. However, advances in computational science provide an opportunity to take advantage of large clinical datasets in cases where randomized experiments are not practical. In this study, we used a large clinical database to train a model capable of detecting exposure to opioid medication (AUROC=0.76). We designed and implemented a clinical study to measure the performance of the model against the unseen data from the study. Our results show that the model based on hospital patient data exhibited promising performance against the retrospective clinical study data (AUROC=0.68).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/EMBC53108.2024.10782760 | DOI Listing |
J Speech Lang Hear Res
March 2025
Australian Centre for the Advancement of Literacy, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales.
Purpose: Reported ear and hearing difficulties (rEHD) are known to be associated with reading difficulties as well as mental health problems. In this study, we aim to examine the relationship between reading and mental health in children with rEHD.
Method: In this study, we used structural equation modeling to measure the strength of longitudinal relationships between reading and mental health-related variables in children with rEHD-aged 5-11 years-in four large longitudinal databases from the United Kingdom ( = 5,254), the United States (s = 1,541 and 6,401), and Australia ( = 2,272).
JMIR Med Inform
March 2025
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan, 81 432262372.
This study demonstrated that while GPT-4 Turbo had superior specificity when compared to GPT-3.5 Turbo (0.98 vs 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Internet Res
March 2025
Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia.
Background: Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) allows for engaging interactions, however, its acceptability, barriers, and enablers to support patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are unknown.
Objective: This work stems from the Coordinating Health care with AI-supported Technology for patients with AF (CHAT-AF) trial and aims to explore patient perspectives on receiving support from a conversational AI support program.
Methods: Patients with AF recruited for a randomized controlled trial who received the intervention were approached for semistructured interviews using purposive sampling.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
March 2025
From the Department of Pediatrics.
Background: Critically ill children are at risk for subtherapeutic antibiotic concentrations. The frequency of target attainment and risk factors for subtherapeutic concentrations of cefepime in children have not been extensively studied.
Methods: We performed an observational study in critically ill children receiving a new prescription of standard dosing of cefepime for suspected sepsis (≥2 systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria within 48 hours of cefepime start).
The development of targeted therapy for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is hampered by the low frequency of actionable genetic abnormalities. Gain or amplification of chromosome 1q (1q+) is the most frequent arm-level copy number gain in patients with MM and is associated with higher risk of progression and death despite recent therapeutic advances. Thus, developing targeted therapy for MM patients with 1q+ stands to benefit a large portion of patients in need of more effective management.
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