Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders worldwide, and it can occur in people of all ages, including children. HT has a multifactorial pathogenesis and develops after a combination of gene regulation, environmental modifiers, and infection triggers. Various coamplifying feedback chronic inflammatory systems are involved in immune mechanisms, including oxidative stress, lymphocyte infiltration, and thyroid cell death. Furthermore, there is no effective treatment for HT at their roots. Thus, this review systematically summarizes and updates the existing etiology and pathogenesis, potential malignant transformation, emerging therapeutic drugs and animal model construction, making it more convenient for researchers to obtain effective information about HT and better explore potential strategies for short-term treatment of the disease.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103783 | DOI Listing |
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The thyroid is essential for the metabolic processes in the body, and its imbalance can cause acute and chronic health issues. Autoimmune thyroid disease includes both Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD). HT is the most common cause of hypothyroidism, while GD is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism.
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