China is the largest strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) producer worldwide. In 2022 the area devoted to strawberry planting in China was 147.45 thousand hectares. Hebei province is the fourth-largest strawberry planting province in China, where strawberries play a crucial role in the agricultural economy. In November 2023, root rot was observed on strawberry plants (cultivar Benihoppe) in Xushui County (115°35'59″ E, 38°58'39″ N), Hebei province, affecting overall growth and reproduction. Disease incidence in two greenhouses (0.15 ha in size) was up to ~70%, with severe symptoms causing almost complete plant mortality. The initial symptoms included abnormally small new leaves, followed by wilting and collapse of the plants. As the disease progressed, the leaves curled and withered, ultimately leading to plant death. Under humid conditions, a sticky bacterial ooze was observed exuding from the stem base. Dissection of the stem base of diseased plants revealed reddish-brown discolored roots while the roots of healthy plants were white. To isolate the causal agent, 10 root samples from symptomatic plants were randomly selected from two greenhouses and surface sterilized sequentially in absolute ethanol (1 min), 3.125% NaOCl (6 min), and absolute ethanol (30 s), followed by rinsing in sterile water three times (Sahu et al. 2022). Root pieces were then placed on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar and incubated at 25℃ in darkness for 3 days. After isolation of bacteria from the symptomatic tissues, subculturing onto new media was performed to obtain pure cultures. The 10 bacterial isolates selected for further analysis exhibited a similar morphology of circular and smooth colonies that were initially milky white and later were yellow-pigmented. Three representative isolates (CM2402, CM2403, and CM2405) were selected for 16S rDNA sequencing using primers 27F/1492R (27F: 5'-AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3'; 1492R: 5'-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3') (Lane 1991). BLASTn analysis revealed that the three sequences were identical, with 99.86% (1,420/1,422 bp) identity to sp. strain nts-7 (OR392975.1). Biochemical analysis confirmed that the isolates belong to the genus , testing positive with the Voges-Proskauer test for production of acetylmethyl carbinol from glucose fermentation, utilization of citrate, D-mannose, inositol, and malonate, positive for β-galactosidase while negative for indole production, phenylalanine deaminase, lysine decarboxylase, urease, HS production, and acid production from raffinose, adonitol, and D-sorbitol (Gavini et al. 1989). Five housekeeping genes (, , , , ) were amplified and sequenced for further molecular identification (Delétoile et al. 2009). A phylogenetic tree based on the combined sequences of these genes was constructed using the neighbor-joining method, with the isolates clustering with . No sequence variation was detected among the isolates CM2402, CM2403, and CM2405 in the five genes. The sequences of the five housekeeping genes and the 16S rDNA from one representative isolate (CM2405) were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers: PQ100709 (), PQ100708 (), PQ059271 (), PQ100710 (), PQ100711 (), and PQ095944 (16S rDNA). To fulfill Koch's postulates, pathogenicity tests were performed on 10 1-month-old strawberry plants (cultivar Benihoppe) with three independent replicates per treatment. The soil was shaken off of roots which were then soaked in bacterial suspensions of isolates CM2402, CM2403, and CM2405 (10 cfu/mL) for 10 minutes. Strawberry plants were planted into sterilized soil and cultured at 25℃ under a 16 h light and 8 h dark photoperiod. Strawberry plants with roots soaked in sterilized water were used as the control. Four weeks after transplanting, the strawberry plants soaked with bacterial suspensions exhibited poor vigor and root necrosis, while the control plants remained symptomless. The pathogen reisolated from necrotic tissue was morphologically and molecularly identical to the original strain. These results confirmed as the causal agent of strawberry root rot in China. has been reported as a pathogen of rice in India and Malaysia (Jena et al. 2023; Toh et al. 2019), causing bulb decay in onion in Taiwan (Chang et al. 2018), and brown blotch disease in in China (Hu et al. 2022). To our knowledge, this is the first report of causing strawberry root rot. This research is critical for effective management, facilitating early detection, informing targeted control measures, and preventing further disease spread, ultimately reducing crop losses and improving sustainability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-24-2486-PDN | DOI Listing |
Food Chem
March 2025
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Logistic and Processing, Key laboratory of post-harvest handling of fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Key laboratory of postharvest preservation and processing of fruits and vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China. Electronic address:
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December 2024
Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.
Strawberry, a member of the genus within the Rosaceae family, is one of the most cherished fruits worldwide. This perennial herbaceous plant also serves as a model for studying the Rosaceae family. Despite the complex polyploidy of strawberries, extensive efforts in traditional breeding over the years have resulted in improvements in yield, fruit size and shape, berry quality, and various other aspects of strawberry production.
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Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Electronic address:
Biopolymeric materials are increasingly recognized as sustainable solutions for packaging applications, with guar gum (GG) emerging as a promising alternative because of its renewable, nontoxic, and plant-based origin. This study aimed to evaluate the properties of GG-based films incorporated with Laponite (Lap). The films were produced by the casting method with a composition of 1 % GG, 20 % glycerol (% w/w GG), and Lap concentrations between 0 and 15 % (% w/w GG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
February 2025
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
The AP2/ERF family of transcription factors is one of the most conserved and important transcription factor families, and it is ubiquitous in plants. It plays an essential role in plant morphogenesis, molecular mechanisms of stress responses, hormone signaling pathways, and synthesis of secondary metabolites. was cloned from the octaploid strawberry × for this investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
March 2025
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
Organic agriculture is expanding worldwide, driven by expectations of improving food quality and soil health. However, while organic certification by regulatory bodies such as the United States Department of Agriculture and the European Union confirms compliance with organic standards that prohibit synthetic chemical inputs, there is limited oversight to verify that organic practices, such as the use of authentic organic fertilizer sources, are consistently applied at the field level. This study investigated the elemental content of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and their stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) in seven different crops grown under organic or conventional practices to assess their applicability as a screening tool to verify the authenticity of organic labeled produce.
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