Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to replace a damaged aortic valve with a prosthetic valve. TAVR has exceeded surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) due to shorter procedures and recovery times. Though initially approved for patients with aortic stenosis at a high surgical risk, TAVR's indications have now broadened to include high, intermediate, and low-risk patients. This review focuses on the evolving role of TAVR in patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAV). We examine the anatomical and hemodynamic differences between tricuspid aortic valve and BAV, highlighting the unique challenges TAVR faces in BAV patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.78192 | DOI Listing |
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
March 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (T.B., J.R.K., A.J.K., J.L.).
Background: Heart valve function requires a highly organized ECM (extracellular matrix) network that provides the necessary biomechanical properties needed to withstand pressure changes during each cardiac cycle. Lay down of the valve ECM begins during embryogenesis and continues throughout postnatal stages when it is remodeled into stratified layers and arranged according to blood flow. Alterations in this process can lead to dysfunction and, if left untreated, heart failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Surg Case Rep
March 2025
Department of Palliative Care, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a common complication in patients who inject drugs. We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with IE affecting both the aortic and tricuspid valves, along with a cardiac implantable electronic device infection, 11 weeks after combined aortic valve replacement, tricuspid valve replacement, and pacemaker implantation. The patient declined the medically indicated cardiac surgery due to her recent taxing surgical and rehabilitation experiences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
February 2025
Cardiovascular Disease, University of Florida Health, Jacksonville, USA.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has significantly improved in treating aortic valve disease in recent years, particularly in patients at high surgical risk. This case report describes an 80-year-old woman who had severe aortic stenosis previously treated with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and six years later had a valve-in-valve (ViV) TAVI who developed severe symptomatic restenosis of the bioprosthetic aortic valve five years later of the last procedure. A third valve-in-valve-in-valve (ViViV) TAVI using a 26-mm Sapien 3 valve was performed due to the high surgical risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
February 2025
Cardiology, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, JPN.
Percutaneous coronary intervention is generally performed using the radial artery approach, and in recent years, the radial artery approach has also been used more and more for endovascular treatment. Given this trend, the radial artery approach is also preferable for lower limb angiography when considering patient burden. However, in the case of type III aortic arch morphology, it can be difficult to advance the catheter into the descending aorta using the radial artery approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
February 2025
Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JPN.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) incidence following minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) is rare. We report a case of acute respiratory failure following cardiac surgery that was diagnosed as ARDS. A 77-year-old female patient diagnosed with aortic valve stenosis underwent aortic valve replacement via a right thoracotomy.
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