Travel patterns, pretravel preparation, and travel-associated morbidity in travelers with diabetes in Taiwan.

Travel Med Infect Dis

Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City, 100225, Taiwan (R.O.C.); Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. No. 1, Sec. 1, Ren'ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City, 100233, Taiwan (R.O.C.). Electronic address:

Published: February 2025

Background: International travel poses unique health risks for individuals with diabetes. This study explored their travel patterns, preparations, and morbidity, as well as identify factors influencing pre-travel health-seeking behavior from primary healthcare providers.

Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study recruited adults with diabetes who had traveled internationally within the past 12 months. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, travel patterns, preparations, and travel-associated morbidity were collected via questionnaires and electronic medical records. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of patients informing physicians about travel plans.

Results: Among 250 participants (median age: 65 years [57-69]; median HbA1c: 7.1 % [6.6-7.9]), 16.4 % were on insulin therapy. The median travel duration was 6 days (5-10), with a median of one time zone crossed. Insulin-treated individuals tended to plan shorter trips to closer destinations than their non-insulin-treated counterparts. While 70.8 % of participants carried medicines for acute illness, only 10.8 % informed their primary care physicians about travel plans, and 11.2 % experienced travel-associated morbidity, including acute illness, falls, and hypoglycemia. Predictors of informing physicians about travel plans included travel duration exceeding ten days (OR: 4.87, 95 % CI: 1.34-17.63), insulin therapy (OR: 4.37, 95 % CI: 1.21-15.80), taking preventive measures against hypoglycemia during travel (OR: 3.40, 95 % CI: 1.26-9.14), and good antidiabetic medication adherence (OR: 2.96, 95 % CI: 1.10-7.96).

Conclusions: This study underscored the impact of diabetes self-care practices on pre-travel health-seeking behavior and demonstrated how insulin therapy shapes travel patterns, highlighting the need for reinforced self-management skills and targeted pre-travel guidance, especially for insulin-treated patients.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102828DOI Listing

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