Diverse slip behaviors are observed in HfNbTaTiZr refractory high-entropy alloy during tensile tests. Slow-avalanche and fast-runaway phases are identified by analyzing scaling relationships among slip statistics. Slow avalanches display a scaling collapse in temporal shapes, aligning with mean-field slip theory, while system-spanning fast-runaway avalanches show a Gaussian shape, indicating rapid nucleation due to dynamic weakening. Through time scale analysis, we construct a nonequilibrium phase diagram elucidating the influence of temperature and strain rate variations on solute-dislocation interaction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90338-z | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem Lett
March 2025
International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
The ability to dynamically manipulate the optoelectronic and magnetic properties in functional materials under nonequilibrium conditions is essential for the advancement of quantum technologies and energy-related applications. Here, we demonstrate a novel method to regulate the optoelectronic and magnetic properties of YCoO, a representative perovskite oxide, using ultrafast vortex laser pulses coupled with nonlinear phonon interactions. Vortex light, characterized by its helical phase front and topological charge, allows selective excitation of infrared phonon modes, enabling anisotropic lattice distortions and precise modulation of material properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
February 2025
Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an 710049, China.
Spin rotation is central for the spin manipulation of lepton beams which, in turn, plays an important role in investigation of the properties of spin-polarized lepton beams and the examination of spin-dependent interactions. However, realization of compact and ultrafast spin rotation of lepton beams, between longitudinal and transverse polarizations, still faces significant challenges. Here, we put forward a novel method for ultrafast (picosecond timescale) spin rotation of a relativistic lepton beam via employing a moderate-intensity terahertz (THz) wave in a dielectric-lined waveguide (DLW).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
March 2025
CNR Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy.
A supersolid is a counter-intuitive phase of matter in which its constituent particles are arranged into a crystalline structure, yet they are free to flow without friction. This requires the particles to share a global macroscopic phase while being able to reduce their total energy by spontaneous, spatial self-organization. The existence of the supersolid phase of matter was speculated more than 50 years ago.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLight Sci Appl
March 2025
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Measuring fluctuations in matter's low-energy excitations is the key to unveiling the nature of the non-equilibrium response of materials. A promising outlook in this respect is offered by spectroscopic methods that address matter fluctuations by exploiting the statistical nature of light-matter interactions with weak few-photon probes. Here we report the first implementation of ultrafast phase randomized tomography, combining pump-probe experiments with quantum optical state tomography, to measure the ultrafast non-equilibrium dynamics in complex materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
March 2025
Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Modelling per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) fate and transport in the vadose zone is inherently more complex than in the saturated zone due to the highly transient nature and the wetting phase saturation dependent hydraulic flux associated with the vadose zone. The chemical complexity of PFAS impart multiple partitioning processes which complicate the evaluation of PFAS transport in the vadose zone. To date, simplified screening models describing PFAS leaching have been developed to determine PFAS soil cleanup criteria in the vadose zone.
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