Breastfeeding is the ideal initial feeding method for providing nutrition to full-term infants and is recommended by major health organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization. Despite improvements in global breastfeeding rates, many infants still receive formula. Significant advancements have been achieved in the safety and nutritional content of modern formulas. Various functional additives, such as human milk oligosaccharides, milk fat globule membrane, docosahexaenoic acid, and lactoferrin, are used with the aim to replicate some of the benefits of breast milk. These additives enhance formula by providing benefits beyond basic nutrition. The aim of this review is to summarize these additives and their impact on infant nutrition and development.
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Since 2022, cases of hepatitis of unknown origin have been reported in children worldwide. Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) was identified as a cause, with most affected children having the HLA-DRB1 04:01 genotype. In this study, we hypothesized that HLA-DRB1 04:01 in the host may also be a potential predisposing factor of acute hepatitis caused by other viruses.
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Front Immunol
March 2025
Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
Individuals residing in malaria-endemic regions with high disease transmission can develop semi-immunity within five years of age. Although understanding the target of the IgGs in this age group helps discover novel blood-stage vaccine candidates and serological markers, it has not been well elucidated due to limited accessibility to plasmodial antigens and samples. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of antibody levels in plasma obtained from Burkinabe children (n=80, aged 0 to 5 years) to 1307 proteins expressed by the eukaryotic wheat germ cell-free system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation between SARS-CoV-2 infection and anti-apolipoprotein A-1 antibody in children.
Front Immunol
March 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
Background And Aims: Autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A-1 (AAA1) are elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection and predict COVID-19 symptoms persistence at one year in adults, but whether this applies to children is unknown. We studied the association of SARS-CoV-2 exposure with AAA1 prevalence in children and the association of AAA1 seropositivity with symptom persistence.
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Clinical spectrum and uncommon features of McCune-Albright syndrome in children: a cohort study from a National Referral Center.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Service d'Endocrinologie Pédiatrique et Pédiatrie Générale, Bron, France.
Introduction: McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare disease caused by somatic gain-of-function variants in the gene that lead to constitutive activation of the G protein alpha subunit (Gsα). Pathologic consequences can involve several tissues. Fibrous dysplasia (FD), café-au-lait skin macules and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies are classic manifestations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe prevalence of peanut-triggered food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in a prospective cohort of infants introducing peanut in the first year of life.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol
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Department of Pediatrics, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands.
Background: Since the early introduction of peanut to prevent IgE-mediated peanut allergy, other case series have suggested an increased incidence of peanut-triggered Food Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES). Data on the prevalence of peanut-induced FPIES in prospective cohorts are lacking.
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