This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.50, 241 (2025)10.1364/OL.536982.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.559477 | DOI Listing |
Radiol Artif Intell
March 2025
Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, Calif.
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a strategy to improve performance of large language models (LLMs) by providing the LLM with an updated corpus of knowledge that can be used for answer generation in real-time. RAG may improve LLM performance and clinical applicability in radiology by providing citable, up-to-date information without requiring model fine-tuning. In this retrospective study, a radiology-specific RAG was developed using a vector database of 3,689 articles published from January 1999 to December 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Artif Intell
March 2025
Department of Radiology, Duke University Hospital, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC 27710.
Purpose To develop and evaluate an automated system for extracting structured clinical information from unstructured radiology and pathology reports using open-weights language models (LMs) and retrieval augmented generation (RAG) and to assess the effects of model configuration variables on extraction performance. Materials and Methods This retrospective study utilized two datasets: 7,294 radiology reports annotated for Brain Tumor Reporting and Data System (BT-RADS) scores and 2,154 pathology reports annotated for mutation status (January 2017 to July 2021). An automated pipeline was developed to benchmark the performance of various LMs and RAG configurations for structured data extraction accuracy from reports.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Artif Intell
March 2025
Department of Medical Physics, BC Cancer-Kelowna, 399 Royal Ave, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1Y 5L3.
Purpose To test a commercial artificial intelligence (AI) system for breast cancer detection at the BC Cancer Breast Screening Program. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study of 136,700 women (age: µ = 58.8, σ = 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Otol Rhinol Laryngol
March 2025
Departments of Otolaryngology & Sleep Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Objective: The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) defines obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity but fails to describe nuances in disease burden. The modified sleep apnea severity index (mSASI) combines patient anatomy, weight, sleep study metrics, and symptoms to provide a composite OSA index ranging from 1 to 3. While prior studies have associated mSASI with quality of life and hypertension, its utility in continuous positive pressure intolerant (CPAPi) surgical patients remains unexplored.
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