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The thyroid is essential for the metabolic processes in the body, and its imbalance can cause acute and chronic health issues. Autoimmune thyroid disease includes both Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD). HT is the most common cause of hypothyroidism, while GD is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibodies against the receptor for insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1RAb), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in the serum of patients with Graves' and Basedow's disease with and without orbitopathy.
Endokrynol Pol
March 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
Introduction: Proven risk factors for thyroid orbitopathy (TO) are thyroid dysfunction, smoking, and high levels of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb), and the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), the receptor for IGF-1 (IGF-1R), and antibodies to the receptor for IGF-1 (IGF-1RAb) are also debated. IGF-1R is overexpressed in fibroblasts and orbital lymphocytes in TO patients. It forms a functional complex and mediates signal transduction through thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConcomitant Graves' Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
Cureus
February 2025
Endocrinology and Diabetes, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Grapevine, USA.
It is widely recognized that one autoimmune disorder is sometimes associated with an increased frequency of having another autoimmune condition. However, the simultaneous presentation of Ulcerative colitis and Graves' disease is an underreported occurrence in the medical literature. We present the case of a previously healthy 36-year-old female who presented with acute symptoms of ulcerative colitis and Graves' disease simultaneously, leading to the diagnosis of both conditions within a short time frame.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine to Nano-Vaccine: Novel Technique to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Curr Rheumatol Rev
March 2025
Pharmaceutical Analysis, SVKMs Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
Autoimmune diseases are a class of diseases wherein the immune system of the body targets itself through autoreactive T cells and autoantibodies. Autoimmune diseases are classified as organ-specific autoimmune diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases. Organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis, Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT), Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1D), and Graves' Disease (GD) are characterized by a unique immune system response to autoantigens in a single organ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated serum CD40 as a potential biomarker for the differential diagnosis of acute thyrotoxic myopathy.
Sci Rep
March 2025
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Acute thyrotoxic myopathy (ATM) is a rare yet severe complication of thyrotoxicosis that affects the central nervous system and is associated with a high mortality rate if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Currently, the diagnosis of ATM primarily relies on clinical manifestations, and there is a lack of specific serological markers to support the diagnostic process. This study aimed to investigate the differences in serum CD40 levels between patients with acute thyrotoxic myopathy (ATM), those with Graves' disease, and healthy controls, and to evaluate its potential as a diagnostic biomarker for differentiating ATM.
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