α‑1 Antitrypsin (AAT) is an acute phase protein encoded by the gene. This multifunctional protein serves several roles, including anti‑inflammatory, antibacterial, antiapoptotic and immune regulatory functions. The primary role of AAT is to protect tissues and organs from protease‑induced damage due to its function as a serine protease inhibitor. AAT is associated with the development of lung inflammation, liver inflammation and immune‑mediated inflammatory diseases, which are influenced by environmental and genetic factors. For instance, AAT acts as an anti‑inflammatory protein to prevent and reverse type I diabetes. The present study briefly reviewed the molecular properties and mechanisms of AAT, as well as advances in the study of lung, liver and inflammatory diseases associated with AAT. The potential of AAT as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for inflammatory and immune‑mediated inflammatory diseases was reviewed. In addition, the damaging and protective effects of AAT, and its effects on organ function were discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881679 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13472 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Oral SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk for Long Covid.
Rev Med Virol
March 2025
Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
SARS-CoV-2 is an oral pathogen that infects and replicates in mucosal and salivary epithelial cells, contributing to oral post-acute sequelae COVID-19 (PASC) and other oral and non-oral pathologies. While pre-existing inflammatory oral diseases provides a conducive environment for the virus, acute infection and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 can also results in oral microbiome dysbiosis that further worsens poor oral mucosal health. Indeed, oral PASC includes periodontal diseases, dysgeusia, xerostomia, pharyngitis, oral keratoses, and pulpitis suggesting significant bacterial contributions to SARS-CoV-2 and oral tissue tropism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFecal microbiota transplantation for vancomycin-resistant Clostridium innocuum infection in inflammatory bowel disease: A pilot study evaluating safety and clinical and microbiota outcome.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect
March 2025
Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Clostridium innocuum is a vancomycin-resistant pathobiome associated with poor clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In ulcerative colitis (UC), it correlates with reduced remission rates, while in Crohn's disease (CD), it is linked to creeping fat formation and intestinal strictures. Notably, some patients experience refractory or recurrent C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe IL-6 axis in vascular inflammation: effects of IL-6 receptor blockade on vascular lesions from patients with giant-cell arteritis.
Ann Rheum Dis
March 2025
Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic (member of European Reference Network [ERN]-for rare diseases RITA), University of Barcelona, Centre de Recerca biomèdica (CRB)-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Objectives: Blocking interleukin (IL)-6-receptor with tocilizumab has been a major advance in the treatment of giant-cell arteritis (GCA), supporting a crucial role of IL-6 receptor signalling. However, nearly half of the patients are not able to maintain glucocorticoid- free remission with tocilizumab. The impact of tocilizumab on vascular lesions of GCA is largely unknown since conflicting results have been obtained by imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndoscopic healing in IBD: Still the target to achieve?
Dig Liver Dis
March 2025
Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:
Mucosal healing is the mainstream goal of modern treat-to-target strategy as it is associated with a significantly more favorable disease course in IBD patients with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Recent advances in endoscopic imaging technologies have overcome the traditional concept of mucosal healing assessed with conventional white light imaging, allowing for multiple levels of endoscopic healing up to the boundaries of molecular and functional evaluation. In this review, we focused on conventional and emerging strategies to assess endoscopic healing in ulcerative colitis and ileocolonic Crohn's disease, examining their pros and cons in real life practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKimura disease of the tongue base: a rare case diagnosed through cytological examination of Warthin-Finkeldey-type multinucleated cells.
J Clin Exp Hematop
March 2025
Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka, Japan.
Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition that primarily affects Asian males and typically presents in the head and neck region. We describe an exceptionally rare case of KD involving the lingual tonsil of Waldeyer's ring in a 39-year-old Japanese man, marking only the second reported instance of lingual involvement and the first specifically affecting the tongue base. The patient presented with a well-circumscribed, 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!