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Rejuvenating the immune system.
Mol Oncol
January 2025
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Rejuvenation of elementary immune system components has emerged as a promising strategy to deal with increased susceptibility to infections, cancers, autoimmune disorders, and low efficacy to vaccines, frequently accompanying aging. In this context, the thymus has gained significant attention. A recent study by Santamaria et al.
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- Researchers studied the TCRβ and TCRα chain sequences in different thymocyte populations from mouse fetuses and young adults to understand how life-stage affects TCR gene usage.
- They found that the foetal thymocyte populations showed a preference for particular gene segments, exhibiting less diversity and more clonotypic expansions compared to adults, indicating distinct developmental characteristics.
- Interestingly, when young adult thymocytes were treated to synchronize differentiation, they displayed more foetal-like gene usage patterns, suggesting that developmental influences can be manipulated.
Compound-dependent fetal toxicity after in utero exposure to chemotherapy in a pregnant mouse model.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Although chemotherapy is integrated in the treatment of second-trimester pregnant cancer patients, its potential cyto- and genotoxicity to fetal tissue remains unknown. To investigate any causal relation between in utero chemotherapy exposure and fetal toxicity, late-gestation pregnant BL6 mice were exposed to vehicle, or one of six chemotherapeutic compounds, used to treat pregnant cases: cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, cisplatin (alkylating agents), epirubicin, doxorubicin (anthracyclines) or paclitaxel (taxane). fetuses were euthanized at gestational day 18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThymus-forming potential of the second pharyngeal pouch and its regulation by local mesenchyme in avian embryos.
Cell Rep
December 2024
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; GIMM-Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The thymus originates from the endoderm of pharyngeal pouches, and its development varies among jawed vertebrates, indicating a more extensive potential for thymus formation than previously understood.
- Using quail-chick chimeras, researchers discovered that both non-canonical and canonical pharyngeal pouch endoderm can form a thymus, with specific mesenchyme regions positively or negatively influencing this process.
- Transcriptomic analysis showed common genetic programs related to thymic potential and identified distinct signaling pathways that facilitate interactions between pharyngeal pouch endoderm and mesenchyme, regulating thymus development.
A spatial human thymus cell atlas mapped to a continuous tissue axis.
Nature
November 2024
Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
T cells develop from circulating precursor cells, which enter the thymus and migrate through specialized subcompartments that support their maturation and selection. In humans, this process starts in early fetal development and is highly active until thymic involution in adolescence. To map the microanatomical underpinnings of this process in pre- and early postnatal stages, we established a quantitative morphological framework for the thymus-the Cortico-Medullary Axis-and used it to perform a spatially resolved analysis.
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