Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months in the United States. Interim influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated among patients with acute respiratory illness-associated outpatient visits and hospitalizations from four VE networks during the 2024-25 influenza season (October 2024-February 2025). Among children and adolescents aged <18 years, VE against any influenza was 32%, 59%, and 60% in the outpatient setting in three networks, and against influenza-associated hospitalization was 63% and 78% in two networks. Among adults aged ≥18 years, VE in the outpatient setting was 36% and 54% in two networks and was 41% and 55% against hospitalization in two networks. Preliminary estimates indicate that receipt of the 2024-2025 influenza vaccine reduced the likelihood of medically attended influenza and influenza-associated hospitalization. CDC recommends annual receipt of an age-appropriate influenza vaccine by all eligible persons aged ≥6 months as long as influenza viruses continue to circulate locally.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867582 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7406a2 | DOI Listing |
J Immunol
January 2025
Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Current influenza vaccines are not effective in conferring protection against antigenic variants and pandemics. To improve cross-protection of influenza vaccination, we developed a 5xM2e messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine encoding the tandem repeat conserved ectodomain (M2e) of ion channel protein M2 derived from human, swine, and avian influenza A viruses. The lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated 5xM2e mRNA vaccine was immunogenic, eliciting high levels of M2e-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ+ T cells, T follicular helper cells, germinal center phenotypic B cells, and plasma cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol
February 2025
Gritstone Bio, Inc, Emeryville, CA, United States.
While therapeutic vaccines are a promising strategy for inducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) control, HIV vaccines tested to date have offered limited benefit to people living with HIV. The barriers to success may include the use of vaccine platforms and/or immunogens that drive weak or suboptimal immune responses, immune escape and/or immune dysfunction associated with chronic infection despite effective antiretroviral therapy. Combining vaccines with immune modulators in a safe manner may address some of the challenges and thus increase the efficacy of therapeutic HIV vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
March 2025
Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Neoantigen vaccines hold great promise in cancer immunotherapy, but the comparative efficacy of different vaccine platforms, particularly in the context of tumor burden (TB), remains insufficiently studied. In this research, we evaluated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of synthetic long peptide and mRNA-based vaccines, both designed to target identical neoantigens across different Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumor burdens. We employed the LLC syngeneic mouse model, a widely used preclinical model for aggressive and immunosuppressive tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Med
March 2025
Vaccine and Infectious Disease and Public Health Sciences Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Based on data from a randomized, controlled vaccine efficacy trial, this article develops statistical methods for assessing vaccine efficacy (VE) to prevent COVID-19 infections by a discrete set of genetic strains of SARS-CoV-2. Strain-specific VE adjusting for possibly time-varying covariates is estimated using augmented inverse probability weighting to address missing viral genotypes under a competing risks model that allows separate baseline hazards for different risk groups. Hypothesis tests are developed to assess whether the vaccine provides at least a specified level of VE against some viral genotypes and whether VE varies across genotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive, non-thermal tumor ablation technique that induces nanoscale membrane perforation, leading to immunogenic cell death (ICD). However, IRE alone is limited by uneven electric field attenuation, incomplete tumor ablation, and the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment. To address these challenges, a multifunctional nanomaterial, vermiculite nanosheets/calcium peroxide nanosheets (VMT/CaO NSs), is developed to enhance the efficacy of IRE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!