Background: () is highly prevalent worldwide and is closely associated with many gastric conditions. Current methods for eradicating include triple or quadruple therapy, including antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and bismuth agents; however, with antibiotic abuse and increased drug resistance rates, the effectiveness of traditional methods is gradually decreasing, with many adverse effects such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and intolerance. In recent years, there has been controversy regarding whether adding () to traditional therapies is beneficial for eradicating .
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of as an adjuvant therapy for the eradication of .
Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases from January 2002 to January 2023. The primary outcome was the eradication rate. The secondary outcomes included total adverse effects, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, constipation, nausea, vomiting, taste disorders, and other adverse reactions. We evaluated the included studies for publication bias and heterogeneity. Fixed- and random-effects models were used for studies without and with heterogeneity, respectively, to calculate the risk ratios (RRs) and conduct sensitivity and subgroup analyses.
Results: Nineteen studies comprising 5,036 cases of infection were included in this meta-analysis. The addition of to traditional therapy significantly improved the eradication rate [RR=1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.15] and reduced the incidence of total adverse effects (RR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.37-0.66), diarrhea (RR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.26-0.48), abdominal distension (RR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.33-0.72), constipation (RR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.26-0.57), and nausea (RR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.37-0.68). However, it did not reduce the occurrence of abdominal pain, vomiting, or taste disorders.
Conclusions: supplementation in traditional eradication therapy significantly improves the eradication rate and reduces the total adverse effects and incidence of diarrhea, bloating, constipation, and nausea.
Systematic Review Registration: Prospero, identifier CRD42024549780.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1441185 | DOI Listing |
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