Advanced approaches in the comprehensive management of gastroparesis: from etiology to emerging therapies.

Gastroparesis is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction, leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Despite its significant impact on patient quality of life, effective management remains challenging. Current treatments, such as prokinetic agents and antiemetics, offer symptomatic relief but have limitations, necessitating the exploration of new approaches. We reviewed the most recent literature using PubMed and Medline, focusing on studies that address the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of gastroparesis, including novel pharmacological agents, endoscopic techniques, and lifestyle modifications. Emerging therapies, including gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy and ghrelin agonists, show promise in improving patient outcomes. In this review, we examine these therapeutic advancements and discuss their potential role in the future management of gastroparesis.