In this article, we extend a recently introduced kinetic model for consensus-based segmentation of images. In particular, we will interpret the set of pixels of a 2D image as an interacting particle system that evolves in time in view of a consensus-type process obtained by interactions between pixels and external noise. Thanks to a kinetic formulation of the introduced model, we derive the large time solution of the model. We will show that the parameters defining the segmentation task can be chosen from a plurality of loss functions that characterize the evaluation metrics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e27020149 | DOI Listing |
Magn Reson Med
March 2025
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Purpose: To propose a two-step, nonlocal principal component analysis (PCA) method and demonstrate its utility for denoising complex diffusion MR images with a few diffusion directions.
Methods: A two-step denoising pipeline was implemented to ensure accurate patch selection even with high noise levels and was coupled with data preprocessing for g-factor normalization and phase stabilization before data denoising with a nonlocal PCA algorithm. At the heart of our proposed pipeline was the use of a data-driven optimal shrinkage algorithm to manipulate the singular values in a way that would optimally estimate the noise-free signal.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
March 2025
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Objective: Evaluate Department of Defense (DoD) antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) by assessing the relationship between key clinical outcome metrics (antibiotic use, incidence of resistant pathogens, and incidence of infections) and CDC Core Element (CE) adherence.
Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study of DoD hospitals in 2018 and 2021.
Methods: National Healthcare Safety Network Standardized Antimicrobial Administration Ratios (SAARs) were used to measure antibiotic use and microbiology results to evaluate four types of pathogen incidence.
R Soc Open Sci
March 2025
UAV Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100074, People's Republic of China.
Coordination serves as a crucial metric for analysing collective behaviour in complex systems. Given the prevalence of biological diversity, this study re-evaluated the coordination issue in strictly metric-free (SMF) swarms, incorporating both limited perceptual ranges and hierarchical dynamics. Initially, the study introduced a single-layer hierarchical SMF model that was optimized using differential evolution strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Methods Protoc
February 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Mercy Hospital, Springfield, Missouri, 65807, United States.
Subjective variability in human interpretation of diagnostic imaging presents significant clinical limitations, potentially resulting in diagnostic errors and increased healthcare costs. While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms offer promising solutions to reduce interpreter subjectivity, they frequently demonstrate poor generalizability across different healthcare settings. To address these issues, we introduce Retrieval Augmented Medical Diagnosis System (RAMDS), which integrates an AI classification model with a similar image model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch (Wash D C)
March 2025
The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121012, China.
The metaverse enables immersive virtual healthcare environments, presenting opportunities for enhanced care delivery. A key challenge lies in effectively combining multimodal healthcare data and generative artificial intelligence abilities within metaverse-based healthcare applications, which is a problem that needs to be addressed. This paper proposes a novel multimodal learning framework for metaverse healthcare, MMLMH, based on collaborative intra- and intersample representation and adaptive fusion.
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