Evidence is presented for dark energy resulting directly from star formation. A survey of stellar mass density measurements, SMD(), as a function of universe scale size , was found to be described by a simple CPL w - w parameterisation that was in good agreement with the dark energy results of 2018, Pantheon+ 2022, the Dark Energy Survey 2024, and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument 2024. The best-fit CPL values found were = -0.90 and = -1.49 for SMD(), and = -0.94 and = -0.76 for SMD(), corresponding with, respectively, good and very good agreement with all dark energy results. The preference for SMD() suggests that it is the temperature of astrophysical objects that determines the dark energy density. The equivalent energy of the information/entropy of gas and plasma heated by star and structure formations is proportional to temperature, and is then a possible candidate for such a dark energy source. Information dark energy is also capable of resolving many of the problems and tensions of ΛCDM, including the cosmological constant problem, the cosmological coincidence problem, and the and σ tensions, and may account for some effects previously attributed to dark matter.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e27020110 | DOI Listing |
APL Photonics
March 2025
Bio-Inspired Sensors and Optoelectronics Laboratory, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Increasing the energy efficiency and reducing the footprint of on-chip photodetectors enable dense optical interconnects for emerging computational and sensing applications. While heterojunction phototransistors (HPTs) exhibit high energy efficiency and negligible excess noise factor, their gain-bandwidth product (GBP) has been inferior to that of avalanche photodiodes at low optical powers. Here, we demonstrate that utilizing type-II energy band alignment in an Sb-based HPT results in six times smaller junction capacitance per unit area and a significantly higher GBP at low optical powers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
March 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen Aukio 1, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FIN-00560, Finland.
The development of cost-effective and efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is critical to advancing green hydrogen production technologies. Here, we present a plasmonic tungsten oxide (WO) material integrated with ultralow platinum (Pt) loadings (0.4, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
March 2025
Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. Electronic address:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the pathogen responsible for tuberculosis (TB), remains a significant global health concern, especially with the growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. This study focuses on understanding the molecular basis of pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance, particularly mutations in the pyrazinamidase (Pzase) enzyme, including D8G, H71R, K96T, and S104R. We used computational methods to explore the effects of bioactive compounds on these PZA-resistant mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
March 2025
School of Electronic Science and Engineering (School of Microelectronics), South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, P. R. China.
Two-dimensional (2D) materials show great potential in creating high-performance ultracompact photodetectors. Existing 2D photodetectors are usually designed based on a photogating effect or photovoltaic effect. However, achieving a balance between photodetectivity and photoresponsivity presents a significant challenge due to increased dark currents at trap level recombination or the lack of a gain mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe gas sensitivity of field-effect structures with 2D-MoS channels selectively grown between Mo electrodes using the Mo-CVD method was investigated by measuring the effect of molecular adsorption from air on the device source-drain current ( ). The channels were composed of interconnected atomically thin MoS grains, with their density and average thickness varied by choosing two different distances (15 and 20 μm) between the Mo contacts. A high response to the tested stimuli, including molecule adsorption, illumination and gate voltage changes, was observed.
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