Hepatic mesenchymal tumors (HMTs) are non-epithelial benign and malignant tumors with or without specific mesenchymal cell differentiation. They are relatively uncommon. Except for mesenchymal hamartoma, calcified nested stromal-epithelial tumor, and embryonal sarcoma, most mesenchymal lesions are not specific to the liver. Pathologists face challenges in diagnosing HMTs due to their diverse morphologies and phenotypic variations. Accurate diagnosis is critical for directing appropriate patient care and predicting outcomes. This review focuses on mesenchymal tumors with a relative predilection for the liver, including vascular and non-vascular mesenchymal neoplasms. It provides a thorough and up-to-date overview, concentrating on clinical and pathological features, differential diagnosis, and diagnostic approaches.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020479 | DOI Listing |
Hepatology
March 2025
Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background And Aims: Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), an indicator of clinical metastasis, significantly shortens hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients' lifespan, and no effective treatment has been established. We aimed to illustrate mechanisms underlying PVTT formation and tumor metastasis, and identified potential targets for clinical intervention.
Approach And Results: Multi-omics data of 159 HCC patients (including 37 cases with PVTT) was analyzed to identify contributors to PVTT formation and tumor metastasis.
Sci Transl Med
March 2025
Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, China.
The benefit of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in ovarian cancer remains controversial, hindering the development of rational combination therapies based on hyperthermia (HT). This study reports the preliminary results of the neoadjuvant HIPEC (NHIPEC) trial (ChiCTR2000038173), demonstrating enhanced tumor response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer with NHIPEC. Through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we identified both homogeneous and heterogeneous cellular responses to HT within the tumor and microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gynecol Pathol
March 2025
Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA.
Cellular angiofibromas (CAFs) are benign mesenchymal neoplasms of the vulva and lower genitourinary tract. Although most cases are benign with excellent prognosis, data on CAFs with cytologic atypia (aCAF) and sarcomatous transformation (tCAF) is limited. We identified 13 vulvar CAFs comprising 4 aCAFs and 9 tCAFs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
March 2025
Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by high mortality rates due to late diagnosis, recurrence, and metastasis. Here, we show that extracellular signaling molecules secreted by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and OC cells-either in the conditioned medium (CM) or within small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)-modulate cellular responses and drive OC progression. ASC-derived sEVs and CM secretome promoted OC cell colony formation, invasion, and migration while upregulating tumor-associated signaling pathways, including TGFβ/Smad, p38MAPK/ERK1/2, Wnt/β-catenin, and MMP-9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
February 2025
Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
Preclinical studies have shown that the blood from female mice exposed weekly to magnetic fields inhibited breast cancer growth. This double-blind randomized controlled trial investigated whether analogous magnetic therapy could produce similar anticancer sera from human subjects. Twenty-six healthy adult females (ages 30-45) were assigned to either a magnetic therapy group, receiving twice weekly 1 mT magnetic exposures (10 min/session) for 4 weeks, or a control group, who underwent identical sham exposure.
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