: Cleft palate is a birth defect associated with environmental and genetic factors. Disturbance of microRNAs (miRNAs) and exposure to medicinal agents during pregnancy can cause cleft palate. Although an association between medicine-induced cleft palate and miRNAs has been suggested, it remains to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying mycophenolate mofetil (MPM)-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and miRNA expression in human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cells. : Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle-related markers were evaluated 48 h after MPM treatment. In addition, miRNA levels and expression of their downstream genes were measured, and a rescue experiment was performed using and/or inhibitors. : MPM dose-dependently reduced HEPM cell viability. Additionally, MPM treatment suppressed cyclin-D1, cyclin E1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-2, and CDK6 expression in HEPM cells. Furthermore, MPM upregulated and expression and downregulated the downstream genes of each miRNA. Moreover, and/or inhibitors alleviated MPM-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. : These results suggest that MPM-induced cleft palate is associated with and expression in HEPM cells.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna11010012 | DOI Listing |
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