Drugs, bomb materials, fruits, and even medical conditions such as cancer are all stimuli that a dog's nose can be trained to detect, and the dog then can report reliable information about those stimuli in terms of presence or absence. This essay discusses the tremendous effort that goes into training expert detection dogs, highlighting different ways of instantiate training. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
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Sensing Dog Brain Reactions to Smell by AI Speckle Pattern Analysis.
J Biophotonics
March 2025
Faculty of Engineering and the Nanotechnology Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Investigation of a dog's brain activity related to their outstanding olfactory capabilities has been a topic of interest among researchers. For this specific study, we identified three areas of the brain that have been shown in previous studies to be relevant during the process of smell discrimination in dogs: the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, and amygdala. We set up a detection structure system based on laser and a camera to capture speckle patterns on the three regions in four dog breeds for smell stimuli: garlic, menthol, alcohol, and marijuana.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuperior Benefits of Combining Mepolizumab With Sinus Surgery Compared to Mepolizumab Alone: Results From a Randomised 6-Month Trial.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol
March 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) significantly impacts patients' quality of life (QoL). Standard treatments include nasal irrigations, nasal steroids, systemic corticosteroids, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Uncontrolled severe CRSwNP treated with monoclonal antibodies (biologic drugs) gain better disease control, although some residual symptoms may persist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of social settings and olfactory environments on spontaneous movement synchrony.
Sci Rep
March 2025
Psychology Research Center (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Interpersonal synchrony refers to the temporal coordination between two individuals, signaling the coupling of their behaviors. Optimal movement synchrony in dyads is linked to more affiliative behavior, cooperation, and trust. However, there is limited research on how the sensory environment impacts interpersonal synchrony.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgical complications and quality of life according to the extent of neck dissection in patients treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Clin Oral Investig
March 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Objective: Quality of life (QoL) and the degree of postoperative morbidity is an important aspect for patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which can be affected by several aspects of cancer treatment and especially the extent of surgical therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome and QoL in patients in relation to different types of neck dissection (ND) for OSCC.
Materials And Methods: In this observational single center cohort study, OSCC patients who underwent primary resection and ND between 2017 and 2022 were included and assessed for postoperative complications.
But how does it smell? An investigation of olfactory bulb size among living and fossil primates and other euarchontoglirans.
Anat Rec (Hoboken)
March 2025
Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Primates are often considered to have a poor sense of smell. While all studies identify small olfactory bulbs (OB; the region of the brain responsible for processing scent) among haplorhines, whether or not strepsirrhines also possess small OBs is less clear, as is the evolutionary backdrop from which these patterns emerged. Here, we examine the relative size of the olfactory bulbs in cranial endocasts of living and fossil primates and their kin (Euarchontoglires [Primates, Dermoptera, Scandentia, Rodentia, Lagomorpha]), testing previous hypotheses.
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