N-Terminal Protein Binding and Disorder-to-Order Transition by a Synthetic Receptor.

Biochemistry

School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.

Published: March 2025

We describe the capture and structuring of disordered N-terminal regions by the macrocycle sulfonato-calix[4]arene (). Using the trimeric β-propeller lectin (RSL) as a scaffold, we generated a series of mutants with extended and dynamic N-termini. Three of the mutants feature an N-terminal methionine-lysine motif. The fourth mutant contains the disordered 8-residue N-terminus of Histone 3, a component of the nucleosome. X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy provide evidence for binding to the flexible N-terminal regions. Three crystal structures reveal that the calixarene recognizes the N-terminal Met-Lys motif, capturing either residue. We provide crystallographic proof for encapsulation of N-terminal methionine. Calixarene capture of intrinsically disordered regions may have applications in regulating protein secondary (and tertiary) structure.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883740PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00729DOI Listing

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