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Objective: To investigate gender-specific patterns of sleep problems among adults residing in urban areas of Mexico City.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing cross-sectional analysis, data from the Tlalpan 2020 Cohort, comprising 2 859 healthy individuals, were examined. Clinical, anthropometric, sociodemographic, and socioeconomic factors were assessed, and sleep problems were evaluated using the Spanish version of the MOS-Sleep Scale.

Results: Elevated rates of sleep problems were found among women, with factors such as maternity (odds ratio [OR] 1.3; 95% confidence intervals [95%CI] 1.0,1.5), passive smoking (1.4; 1.1,1.8), and educational level (1.7; 1.4,2.0) significantly increasing the likelihood of sleep problems. For men, risk factors included smoking (1.4; 1.1,1.8), and lack of access to medical attention (1.3; 1.1,1.4).

Conclusion: This study exhibited significant gender disparities in sleep patterns, highlighting the impact of socioeconomic factors on women's sleep. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing gender-specific influences in both sleep research and healthcare interventions.