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Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionduteqjog38m7dlvbmh8tnv2qcg4ba894): Failed to open stream: No space left on device
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 177
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 137
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 197
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 197
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 271
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3145
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), causes significant financial losses in the agricultural industry. Additionally, transmission from animals to humans can result in zoonotic TB, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), highlighting the need to enhance One Health surveillance to mitigate this threat. Antibodies directed against a major mycobacterial cell wall component of , phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I), have shown excellent performance in identifying infection in humans and animals. In this study, we therefore investigated whether antibodies against PGL similarly represent a useful biomarker for infection in cattle. Comparing sera from naturally -infected and the single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test (SICCT)-negative cattle, we assessed the potential of PGL antibodies to identify this mycobacterial infection. Our results show that serum levels of anti- PGL IgG and -IgM in -infected cattle were significantly higher than in the SICCT-negative cattle. The sensitivity for anti- PGL IgM in infected animals was, however, moderate (44.9 %) and the false-positive rate was 6.3 % in SICCT-negative cattle. Notably, vaccination with BCG- or heat-killed did not affect serum levels of anti- PGL IgM in cattle. Moreover, none of the 57 anti- PGL-seropositive cattle tested positive in the anti- PGL-I assay. This study shows for the first time that anti PGL antibodies can be detected in infected cattle: anti- PGL IgM is a highly specific, but moderately sensitive biomarker for infection in cattle, showing potential for differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). It could be a valuable component in a multi-biomarker approach for diagnosing bTB.
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Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835577 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.100982 | DOI Listing |
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