Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health challenge from a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and it demands improved diagnostics and therapies.
Objective: This work explored a novel method for detecting MTB by combining nanogold labeling (NGL) technology with silver staining to enhance sensitivity and specificity.
Methods: Nanogold particles (NGPs) were characterized using ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (UVAS), and their morphology was observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The silver staining enhancement (SSE) system was optimized for a reaction time of 11 min. Fifty drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRT) patients were randomly assigned to a control (Ctrl) group receiving conventional nursing and an experimental (Exp) group treated with continuous nursing intervention (CNI). Quality of Life Instrument for Tuberculosis Patients (QLI-TB) scores were compared over 6 months.
Results: Unmarked NGPs were evenly distributed, while labeled NGPs maintained complete morphology with a gray halo. The detection limit was established at 0.582, reaching as low as 1 pmol/L. For sputum specimens, detection rates were 38.7% for culture, 41.94% for PCR, and 43.54% for nanogold SSE, with no significant differences (> 0.05). However, patients in the Exp group exhibited significant improvements in physical, psychological, and social functions, as well as the tuberculosis-specific module (TSM) compared to the Ctrl group (< 0.05).
Conclusions: We demonstrated an innovative method for detecting MTB, demonstrating promising results through method optimization and analysis.
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