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High heritability of human facial traits reveals associations with , and loci in Korean families.
Heliyon
October 2024
KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
Facial features are determined by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. However, genes underlying facial similarities in individuals from the same family remain less explored. To identify genetic variants associated with heritable facial features, we investigated familial (parent-offspring) associations and estimated familial correlation and heritability using 39 facial measurements in 408 individuals from 117 Korean families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColouration of the uropygial secretion in starling nestlings: a possible role of bacteria in parent-offspring communication.
Proc Biol Sci
November 2024
Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Almería 04120, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- Animals, particularly birds, use cosmetic substances like uropygial secretions in sexual selection and communication, which may involve pigments produced by symbiotic bacteria.
- The study focuses on the spotless starling nestlings, revealing that the yellow secretion they use to stain their mouths is influenced by the microbiota present, particularly under varying oxidative conditions.
- Results indicate that antioxidant supplementation enhances the complexity and diversity of the microbial community in the secretion, suggesting a connection between bacteria and the coloration of these cosmetic traits.
It Takes Three: Parental Hostility, Brain Morphology, and Child Externalizing Problems in a Parent-Offspring Neuroimaging Trio Design.
J Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Article Synopsis
- Hostility in parents is linked to increased aggression and attention issues in children, and this study explored how it affects brain structure in both parents and children using neuroimaging.
- The study involved a cohort of 484 families, assessing parental hostility at various stages and measuring brain volumes in mothers, fathers, and their children through MRI scans.
- Findings indicated that prenatal maternal hostility was related to reduced brain volumes in children, suggesting parental hostility can have lasting neurodevelopmental effects that contribute to behavioral problems in their offspring.
The trend of correlation changes of macronutrient intakes among different familial pairs: a prospective study among participants of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
BMC Public Health
October 2024
Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background/aim: Familial resemblance in dietary patterns has been a subject of interest, with both genetic and environmental factors playing crucial roles. This study aims to investigate trends in macronutrient intake correlations over a 9-year period among different familial pairs, including parent-offspring, siblings, and spouses, using data from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).
Methods: This longitudinal study, conducted within the framework of the TLGS, analyzed data from 1,814 families over a 9-year period.
Revealing the key signals in nestling begging behavior perceived by parent birds during parent-offspring conflict.
Integr Zool
September 2024
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China.
The parent-offspring conflict in avian species encompasses resource allocation and a balance necessary for survival for both parties. Parental investment is modulated according to various factors, among which begging is important. Endogenous hormones, particularly corticosterone (CORT), play a role in modulating begging behavior.
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