The development of novel treatments has improved cancer outcomes but may result in cardiovascular toxicities. Traditional approaches to clinical trial safety evaluation have limitations in their ability to detect signals of cardiovascular risk. Mechanisms to increase power and specificity to clarify cardiovascular safety are required. However, implications include increased costs and slower development. The Cardiovascular Safety Research Consortium facilitated stakeholder discussions with representation from academia, industry, and regulators. A think tank was assembled with the aim of providing recommendations for improved collection and reporting of cardiovascular safety signals in oncology trials. Two working groups were formed. The first focuses on incorporation of consensus definitions of cardiovascular disease into the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events used in oncology trial reporting. The second group considers methods for ascertainment and adjudication of cardiovascular events in cancer trials. The overarching aim of this primer is to improve understanding of the potential cardiovascular toxicities of cancer therapies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccao.2024.09.014 | DOI Listing |
Int J Hematol
March 2025
Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
In the randomized, double-blind, phase 3 GRAPHITE study (NCT03657160), anti-αβ integrin antibody vedolizumab showed greater efficacy than placebo for prevention of lower-gastrointestinal (GI) acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after unrelated allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This post hoc analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab versus placebo for lower-GI aGVHD prevention in Japanese and non-Japanese patients, when added to standard GVHD prophylaxis (calcineurin inhibitor + methotrexate/mycophenolate mofetil + / - anti-thymocyte globulin [ATG]). The analysis included 35 (18 vedolizumab-treated, 17 placebo-treated) Japanese and 298 (150 vedolizumab-treated, 148 placebo-treated) non-Japanese patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Cardiol
March 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Section on Geriatrics and Gerontology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Importance: Excess body fat plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HU6 is a novel, controlled metabolic accelerator that enhances mitochondrial uncoupling resulting in increased metabolism and fat-specific weight loss.
Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of HU6 in reducing body weight, improving peak volume of oxygen consumption (VO2) and body composition among patients with obesity-related HFpEF.
J Dermatol
March 2025
Pfizer Japan Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
This subgroup analysis of the ALLEGRO phase 2b/3 study (NCT3732807) assessed the efficacy and safety of multiple doses of ritlecitinib, an oral JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor, in Asian patients with alopecia areata (AA). Patients aged ≥12 years with AA and ≥50% scalp hair loss received once-daily ritlecitinib 50 or 30 mg (with or without 4-week 200-mg loading dose ["200/50" or "200/30"]) or 10 mg or placebo for 24 weeks, followed by a 24-week extension, in which patients initially assigned to placebo switched to 200/50 or 50 mg. In this subgroup analysis, Asian patients with response based on achieving a Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score ≤20, SALT ≤10, ≥2-grade improvement or normal score on the eyebrow assessment (EBA) scale, and ≥2-grade improvement or normal score on the eyelash assessment (ELA) scale were evaluated through week 48.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Natl Cancer Inst
March 2025
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Background: There are increasing concerns of cardiovascular safety related to endocrine therapy use in women with breast cancer (BC). We examined risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality associated with endocrine therapy use in postmenopausal women with early-stage BC.
Methods: Postmenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III hormone receptor-positive BC from 2005 to 2013 were included (n = 8,495).
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv
March 2025
Division of arrhythmology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Background: Performing a left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) or catheter ablation with left-sided intracardiac thrombus is considered very-high risk for periinterventional stroke. Cerebral embolic protection (CEP) devices are designed to prevent cardioembolic stroke and have been widely studied in TAVR procedures. However, their role in LAAO and catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) or in pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with cardiac thrombus present remains unknown.
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