Adenovirus Infections and Disease in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Incidence and Outcomes.

Background: We aimed to examine the epidemiology and outcomes of AdV disease in SOTr and assess the utility of AdV surveillance in SOTr <13 years.

Methods: SOTr transplanted at Rigshospitalet, 2010-2021, were included. The center had a screening program for SOTr <13 years with monthly plasma AdV tests the first 6 months following transplantation.

Results: We included 2009 SOTr (of whom 82 were aged <13 years), and 1330 blood samples from 382 SOTr were analyzed for AdV, of which 10 (0.8%) from 6 SOTr <13 years tested positive. Five out of six were tested as part of the screening program. Three remained asymptomatic, while three had symptoms attributable to co-infections. One adult lung transplant recipient with AdV in BAL had acute exacerbation of chronic graft rejection.

Conclusions: We found a low incidence of AdV disease. SOTr diagnosed with AdV viremia as part of screening remained asymptomatic or had symptoms attributable to co-infections. Our findings do not support routine surveillance for AdV in SOTr.