Background: Existing epidemiological studies investigated the association between a single vitamin and hypertension. However, the potential relationship between the level of circulating multivitamins and blood pressure has not been explored. We aimed to investigate the association between multiple fat-soluble vitamin levels and blood pressure.
Methods: A total of 2052 participants with essential hypertension were sampled nationwide. The plasma concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, D, and K) were assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with the mass spectrometry method. Participants were categorized into different co-exposure patterns using the unsupervised K-means clustering method. The multiple linear regression model was used for subsequent analyses.
Results: Participants were classified into two co-exposure patterns of fat-soluble vitamins. The levels of vitamins were relatively low in pattern 1, compared to pattern 2. Participants in pattern 2 had no significantly different blood pressure levels compared to pattern 1. However, the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (VD) levels were negatively associated with SBP (logarithmic 10 transformed) ( = -0.002, 95% CI: -0.004, 0); participants in the fourth -tocopherol quartile had mean SBP levels that were 1.02% (95% CI: 0.43, 1.61%) greater than those in the lowest quartile ( for trend <0.01). In addition, no significant relationships were found between plasma VA/VK concentrations and blood pressure.
Discussion: Although no significant association between fat-soluble vitamin co-exposure patterns and blood pressure was found, further analyses could imply that plasma -tocopherol levels may offset the potential protective effect of plasma VD on blood pressure among hypertensive adults. This provided a novel perspective for exploring the joint effects of fat-soluble vitamins on blood pressure. Further studies are warranted to better understand the implications.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1502139 | DOI Listing |
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