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Carnot efficiency sets a fundamental upper bound on the heat engine efficiency, attainable in the quasistatic limit, albeit at the cost of completely sacrificing power output. Here, we present a minimal heat engine model that can attain Carnot efficiency while achieving maximum power output. We unveil the potential of intrinsic divergent physical quantities within the working substance, such as degeneracy, as promising thermodynamic resources to break through the universal power-efficiency trade-off imposed by nonequilibrium thermodynamics for conventional heat engines. Our findings provide novel insights into the collective advantage in harnessing energy of many-body interacting systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.027101 | DOI Listing |
Int J Nanomedicine
March 2025
Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, UMR 8104 CNRS, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.
Introduction: Sepiolite nanofibers, which are natural silicates belonging to the clay mineral family, could be promising potential nanocarriers for the nonviral transfer of biomolecules. The physicochemical characteristics of sepiolite make it capable of binding various types of biological molecules, including polysaccharides, lipids, proteins and viruses. Sepiolite nanofibers have also been shown to bind effectively to various types of DNA molecules through electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, cationic bridges and van der Waals forces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
February 2025
School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Curzon and Ahlborn's 1975 paper, a pioneering work that inspired the birth of the field of finite-time thermodynamics, unveiled the efficiency at maximum power (EMP) of the endoreversible Carnot heat engine, now commonly referred to as the Curzon-Ahlborn (CA) engine. Historically, despite the significance of the CA engine, similar findings had emerged at an earlier time, such as the Yvon engine proposed by J. Yvon in 1955 that shares the exact same EMP, that is, the CA efficiency ηCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
February 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are crucial for advanced applications in telecommunications, quantum computing, and biomedical fields. Silicon nitride (SiN)-based platforms are promising for PICs due to their transparency, low optical loss, and thermal stability. However, achieving efficient thermo-optic (TO) modulation on SiN remains challenging due to limited reconfigurability and high power requirements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
February 2025
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
Typical technologies that can convert waste heat into electricity include thermoelectrics, thermionic capacitors, thermo-cells, thermal charge cells, and thermally regenerative electrochemical cycles. They have small thermal-to-electrical conversion efficiency or poor stability, severely hindering the efficient recovery of waste heat. Herein, a thermally regenerative electrochemical Zn-ion battery to work under Carnot-like mode to efficiently harvest waste heat into electricity is successfully developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
February 2025
Univ. Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ., Institut CARMeN UMR 6064, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000, Rouen, France.
A solvent-free synthesis of valuable monofluoroalkenes was developed under ball-milling agitation. The use of 1.0 equivalent of carbonyl substrates and 1.
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