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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1550303 | DOI Listing |
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Diagnostic tests for tuberculosis infection and predictive indicators of disease progression: utilizing host and pathogen biomarkers to enhance the TB elimination strategies.
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Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death worldwide from a single infectious disease. An estimated quarter of the world's population, about 2 billion people, has an immune response to Mtb without clinical, microbiological, or radiological signs of TB disease. This condition is known as TB infection (TBI) and carries a lifelong risk of reactivation with 5-10% of individuals eventually developing TB disease during their lifetime.
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infects pulmonary alveolar macrophages and induces inflammation in the respiratory system. In swine farms, coinfection with PRRSV and bacterial pathogens is common and can result in clinically complicated outcomes, including porcine respiratory disease complex. Coinfection can cause excessive expressions of proinflammatory mediators and may lead to cytokine-storm-like syndrome.
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Background: Respiratory tract infections with viral pathogens are frequently identified using the World Health Organization (WHO) case definition of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), defined as fever of ≥38°Celsius, cough, onset within 10 days, and hospitalization. While there is extensive research in adults, less is known about the WHO SARI case definition performance in children and youth. We aimed to determine the performance of the WHO SARI and modified case definitions in identifying viral respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children and youth.
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