Background: Longitudinal changes in cognitive function may be crucial in predicting clinical outcomes in clinical high risk (CHR) individuals. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of baseline cognitive impairment and short-term cognitive changes for non-remission and conversion to psychosis in individuals at CHR for psychosis, compared with healthy controls (HC).
Methods: This study employed a multiple-group prospective design with a 3-year follow-up. CHR individuals and HCs were assessed at baseline and at a 2-month follow-up. Neuropsychological performance was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery.
Results: The study included 310 CHR individuals and 93 HCs. Significant improvements in predicting non-remission in CHR individuals were observed when incorporating cognitive changes over 2 months (AUC for baseline cognition, 0.690; AUC for changes, 0.819; Z=3.365, p<0.001). Key predictors included the Revised Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R; β=0.083, p=0.003), Wechsler Memory Scale-III spatial span (WMS-3; β=0.330, p<0.001), and Revised Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT-R; β=0.127, p<0.001). Conversely, predicting conversion to psychosis showed no significant difference between baseline and 2-month cognitive changes (AUC for baseline cognition, 0.667; AUC for changes, 0.666; Z=0.021, p=0.242).
Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of dynamic cognitive monitoring in CHR individuals. Short-term cognitive changes significantly enhance the prediction of non-remission but do not add predictive value for conversion to psychosis beyond baseline assessments. Specific cognitive domains, such as verbal learning and working memory, are particularly valuable for predicting clinical outcomes.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.01.021 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Practical implementation of automated insulin delivery systems in 2025: A French position statement update.
Diabetes Metab
March 2025
Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1055, LBFA, Endocrinologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, France.
The advent of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in 2020 marked a disruptive event in managing type 1 diabetes, benefiting children and adults alike. By 2024, advances in real-world data and research motivated an update to the French consensus on AID systems to expand accessibility, refine guidelines, and optimize patient follow-up. AID systems have consistently improved glycemic control by reducing HbA1c, increasing time-in-range (TIR), and minimizing hypoglycemia, with significant benefits even for specific populations such as individuals with poor glycemic control, brittle diabetes, children, very young children, pregnant women, those with insulin resistance or gastroparesis, or after bariatric surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral fluid supplementation for the prevention of post-dural puncture headache: A noninferiority randomized controlled trial.
PLoS One
March 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
Aim(s): To investigate the impact of the absence of specific advice for oral fluid intake, compared to supplementation water intake on the occurrence of post-dural puncture headache.
Design: A prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, multicenter trial including hospitalized patients requiring a diagnostic lumbar puncture in seven hospitals in France.
Methods: Patients were randomly allocated (1:1) either to receive no specific advice on oral fluid intake (FREE-FLUID), or to be encouraged to drink 2 liters of water (CONTROL) within the 2 hours after lumbar puncture.
Relations of temporoparietal connectivity with neighborhood social fragmentation in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis.
Schizophr Res
March 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Temporoparietal brain areas comprise a candidate set of regions for interrogating the brain functional correlates of socioenvironmental factors in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Temporal lobe abnormalities have been shown to be common among people with schizophrenia spectrum conditions. Further, temporoparietal brain regions are implicated in tasks relevant to psychosocial outcomes, including coherent autobiographical memory recall and multimodal integration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights into psychosis risk: Unveiling impaired reinforcement learning through a behavioral and functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based optical neuroimaging study.
J Psychiatr Res
February 2025
University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatry Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Background: Reward processing is crucial for learning, motivation and decision-making, and can be disturbed in the development of psychosis. Previous research has linked cognitive impairment and abnormalities in brain function to the clinical high risk state of psychosis (CHR-P). However, the extent to which processes of cognitive flexibility in response to reward feedback are impaired in CHR-P compared to healthy control (HC) individuals is largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCore beliefs in psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Schizophrenia (Heidelb)
March 2025
Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
Increasing interest is growing for the identification of psychological mechanisms to account for the influence of trauma on psychosis, with core beliefs being proposed as a putative mediator to account for this relationship. A systematic review (n = 79 studies) was conducted to summarise the existing evidence base regarding the role of core beliefs/schemas in psychosis, Clinical High-Risk (CHR), and non-clinical samples with Psychotic-Like Experiences (PLEs). Compared to Healthy Controls (HCs), individuals with psychosis experiencing Auditory Hallucinations or Persecutory Delusions had significantly higher scores for negative self and negative other-beliefs and significantly lower scores for positive self and positive other-beliefs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!