Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of diabetes on mortality and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients and to analyse the associated risk factors.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study in 500 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection (214 with diabetes and 286 without diabetes) admitted to a tertiary hospital in China from December 2022 to February 2023. Demographic information, clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected. Survival status was investigated at discharge and at 6 months after discharge.
Results: The mortality rate of COVID-19 patients with diabetes was higher than the rate of non-diabetic COVID-19 patients, both at discharge, and at 6 months after discharge. Body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), pH, D-dimer, blood osmotic pressure, serum creatinine, white blood cell count, creatine kinase and hospitalization expenses were significantly different between diabetic group and non-diabetic group ( < 0.05). Compared with the survivors, non-survived COVID-19 patients with diabetes had worse diabetes control indicators, with random blood glucose increased by 3.58 mmol/L ( < 0.05), and fasting blood glucose increased by 2.77 mmol/L ( < 0.01). In addition, there were significant differences in age, heart rate, CRP, pH, potassium (K), serum creatinine, white blood cell count, creatine kinase, the proportion with diabetic complications, treatment in ICU and mechanical ventilation between survivors and non-survivors of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the death of COVID-19 patients with diabetes is positively correlated with age and CRP ( < 0.05), and has a trend towards significance with fasting blood glucose ( < 0.1).
Conclusion: Infection with COVID-19 on the basis of diabetes can significantly increase mortality, which was further associated with diabetes control indicators.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18865 | DOI Listing |
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