Objective: Accurate, precise and robust method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of long acting β2 agonist drugs (Formoterol fumarate, Salmeterol xinafoate and Vilanterol trifenatate) along with two organic counterparts (Xinafoic acid and Triphenyl acetic acid) and inhaled corticosteroids (Fluticasone propionate and Fluticasone furoate).
Material And Methods: The separation was carried out using C column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μ) with eluent comprising of 0.05% orthophosphoric acid: methanol: acetonitrile (40:30:30, v/v/v) at a 1 mL/min flow rate.
Results: Linearity was observed in the concentration ranges of 1.5-12 μg/ mL for Formoterol fumarate, 2.82-22.6 μg/mL for Xinafoic acid, 6.25-50 μg/mL for Vilanterol, 3.12-25 μg/mL for Salmeterol, 2.0-15.2 μg/mL for Triphenyl acetic acid, 62.5-500 μg/mL for Fluticasone propionate and 25-200 μg/mL for Fluticasone furoate.
Conclusion: The proposed method was accurate, precise and robust and results were within the limit as per the ICH (Q2R1) guidelines. Additionally, the proposed method was found to be green and sustainable when analysed by different green analytical tools namely GAPI, AGREE, AGREEprep and BAGI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2025.01.009 | DOI Listing |
J Psychopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: Switching between versions of medication products happens commonly despite challenges in achieving bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence. Central nervous system and psychiatric drugs, especially those that are technically demanding to manufacture and have complex pharmacokinetic properties, such as long-acting injectables (LAIs), pose particular challenges to bioequivalence and safe and efficacious drug switching.
Aims: To assess whether drugs deemed "bioequivalent" are truly interchangeable in drug switching.
Clin Med Insights Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background And Aim: Pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery prior to 1992 in Denmark were at risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through donor blood used in extracorporeal circulation. HCV screening became possible in donors in 1991, eliminating the risk of iatrogenic infections. No formalized screening has been conducted for patients receiving non-screened blood, potentially leaving some with undetected HCV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiscale Model Simul
January 2024
Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
The distinct timescales of synaptic plasticity and neural activity dynamics play an important role in the brain's learning and memory systems. Activity-dependent plasticity reshapes neural circuit architecture, determining spontaneous and stimulus-encoding spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity. Neural activity bumps maintain short term memories of continuous parameter values, emerging in spatially organized models with short-range excitation and long-range inhibition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
January 2025
Departments of Neurology (Watson, Pfalzer, Snow, Diehl, McDonell, Claassen) and Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology (Vnencak-Jones), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville; Department of Psychology and Human Development (Ciriegio, Snow, Compas), Vanderbilt University, Nashville; Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City (Long).
Objective: Using a multi-informant approach, the authors assessed the psychiatric symptoms of adolescents and young adults with or without the huntingtin gene expansion and examined the association of psychiatric symptoms with cumulative disease exposure, a measure taking into account age and genetic data.
Methods: The sample included 110 participants with (N=71) or without (N=39) the gene expansion, along with 85 family members who provided collateral reports. Saliva samples were used for genetic testing.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.
Modular chemical postmodification of peptides is a promising strategy that supports the optimization and innovation of hit peptide therapeutics by enabling rapid derivatization. However, current methods are primarily limited to traditional bio-orthogonal strategies and chemical ligation techniques, which require the preintroduction of non-natural amino acids and impose fixed methods that limit peptide diversity. Here, we developed the Tyrosine-1,2,3-Triazine Ligation (YTL) strategy, which constructs novel linkages (pyridine and pyrimidine) through a "one-pot, two-step" process combining SAr and IEDDA reactions, promoting modular post modification of Tyr-containing peptides.
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