Objectives: We aimed to explore the impact of glymphatic function in patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis (AE).
Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, patients were recruited from Xijing Hospital between June 2020 and January 2024. Glymphatic function was evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). Cognitive impairment was defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score below 26 at the 12-month follow-up.
Results: A total of 115 individuals were enrolled, including 85 patients with AE and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). After correcting for age and sex, patients with AE had a significantly lower baseline ALPS index compared to HCs (1.173, 95% CI [1.135, 1.210] vs. 1.456, 95% CI [1.371, 1.541]; P < 0.001). The baseline ALPS index was correlated with cognitive performance, including a positive correlation with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (r = 0.568, P < 0.001) and a positive correlation with the MoCA score (r = 0.645, P < 0.001). In the longitudinal study, the ALPS index gradually increased over the follow-up period (P < 0.001), and a low level of the baseline ALPS index was associated with a higher risk of long-term cognitive impairment (HR [95% CI] = 1.70 [1.12-2.58], P = 0.013).
Conclusion: The glymphatic system is impaired in AE patients. A decreased DTI-ALPS index is associated with a decline in cognitive performance. Additionally, a low baseline ALPS index may predict an increased risk of long-term cognitive impairment in AE patients.
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Abnormal glymphatic system in patients with autoimmune encephalitis: relationship with cognitive performance.
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Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China. Electronic address:
Objectives: We aimed to explore the impact of glymphatic function in patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis (AE).
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Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of Sleep Disorders on Glymphatic Function in Parkinson's Disease Using Diffusion Tensor MRI.
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Background: Respective changes in neurovascular coupling (NVC) and glymphatic function have been reported in post-stroke depression (PSD). Recent studies have found a link between NVC and waste clearance by the glymphatic system, which has not been illustrated in PSD.
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