Lipid oxidation hinders the development of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. This work aimed to determine the impact of soybean phosphatidylethanolamine (SP)/tamarind gum (TG) ratios on interface activity and anti-oxidant capacity of Maillard conjugates (MCs) in W/O emulsions. Results showed that grafting degree of MCs reached maximum with SP/TG ratio at 1:1 (43.5 %). Compared with SP and mixtures, interface activity (larger reduction of interfacial tension) and anti-oxidant capacity of MCs, especially with SP/TG = 1:1, were enhanced. The improvement of interface activity was owing to more stable adsorption at the interface caused by the increase of zeta potential and water contact angle as well as faster interface saturation benefited from broader steric network of TG moiety. The higher DPPH scavenging ability and ferric-reducing antioxidant power of MC were attributed to the combined effects of grafting degree, interface activity and molecule behavior of TG moiety. When the MC was added, the emulsion was observed smaller droplet size (1.3 μm), higher zeta potential (-73.5 mV) and lower contents of primary and secondary oxidation products (decreased by 70.9 % and 78.7 %, respectively). Hence, soybean phosphatidylethanolamine-tamarind gum-Maillard conjugate was effective to improve the physicochemical stability of W/O emulsions.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140259 | DOI Listing |
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