Wade's rules are a well-established tool for the description of the geometry of inorganic clusters. Among others, they state that a decrease or increase in charge is always accompanied by a change in the number of skeletal electron pairs (SEPs). This work reports the synthesis of the first cationic chalcogenaboranes closo-[12-X-2-IPr-1-EB11H10]BF4 (X = H, I; E = S, Se 3a/b, 4a/b) featuring the same SEP count as their neutral precursors, EB11H11, but bearing a positive charge. This ionisation significantly enhances the activity towards the electrophiles. It unlocks reactivity with very weak bases and offers the control of the regioselectivity towards hard/soft bases by the modulation of LUMO. The localisation of the positive charge within the borane cluster has been confirmed experimentally, spectroscopically and theoretically.
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Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
University Pardubice Faculty of Chemical Technology: Univerzita Pardubice Fakulta Chemicko-Technologicka, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, CZECHIA.
Wade's rules are a well-established tool for the description of the geometry of inorganic clusters. Among others, they state that a decrease or increase in charge is always accompanied by a change in the number of skeletal electron pairs (SEPs). This work reports the synthesis of the first cationic chalcogenaboranes closo-[12-X-2-IPr-1-EB11H10]BF4 (X = H, I; E = S, Se 3a/b, 4a/b) featuring the same SEP count as their neutral precursors, EB11H11, but bearing a positive charge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Hum Behav
January 2024
Department of Government, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Previous research focused on popular US Supreme Court rulings expanding rights; however, less is known about rulings running against prevailing public opinion and restricting rights. We examine the impact of the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization opinion, which overturned Roe v.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA
March 2023
O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
Sci Rep
November 2022
Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Boron and boron-based nanoclusters exhibit unique structural and bonding patterns in chemistry. Extensive density functional theory calculations performed in this work predict the mononuclear walnut-like C CB (1) (CB@CB), C CB (2) (CB@CB), and S CB (3) (B@CB) which contain one icosahedral-CB core (n = 0, 1, 2) at the center following the Wade's skeletal electron counting rules and the approximately electron sufficient binuclear peanut-like C CB (4) ((CB)@CB), C CB (5) ((CB)@CB), C CB (6) ((B)@CB), C B (7) ((B)@B), C B (8) ((B)@B), and C B (9) ((B)@B) which encapsulate two interconnected CB icosahedrons inside. These novel core-shell borafullerene and borospherene nanoclusters appear to be the most stable species in thermodynamics in the corresponding cluster size ranges reported to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
June 2021
Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
Bis(1-(4-tolyl)-carboran-2-yl)-(4-tolyl)-borane [(1-(4-MeC H )-closo-1,2-C B H -2-) (4-MeC H )B] (1), a new bis(o-carboranyl)-(R)-borane was synthesised by lithiation of the o-carboranyl precursor and subsequent salt metathesis reaction with (4-tolyl)BBr . Cyclic voltammetry experiments on 1 show multiple distinct reduction events with a one-electron first reduction. In a selective reduction experiment the corresponding paramagnetic radical anion 1 was isolated and characterized.
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