Objectives: The epidemiology of measles in Oman has shown a decreasing trend since the introduction of vaccines with high coverage, even at the district level. Oman achieved elimination status in 2019. Currently, measles epidemiology is characterized by a small number of imported and importation-related cases with limited spread in the community. The main aim of the study is to describe the epidemiology of major measles outbreaks in Oman during 2016-2017.
Methods: This study involved a descriptive case-based record review of the national surveillance database for fever and rash illness.
Results: A total of 231 measles cases were reported during 2016-2017. Of the reported cases, 209 (90.5%) were laboratory-confirmed, 16 (6.9%) were clinically compatible, and six (2.6%) were epidemiologically linked cases. There were 10 clusters/outbreaks comprising 191 cases (185 laboratory-confirmed cases and six epidemiologically linked to a confirmed case) in various governorates of Oman during 2016-2017. The study population had a mean age of 11.4 years, ranging from 0.2 to 55 years across the outbreaks. The median age was 9 months. Approximately 50.7% of the cases involved infants aged ≤12 months, who were not yet eligible for measles vaccination. The second most affected age group were individuals aged 20-35 years. The largest and the longest cluster during 2016-2017 occurred in Dhofar and Sharqiyah, involving 90 cases attributed to genotype B3, which lasted for 32 weeks.
Conclusions: Multiple small outbreaks occurred simultaneously but were too brief to allow any particular genotype to establish itself as an endemic strain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100552 | DOI Listing |
IJID Reg
March 2025
Director General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
Objectives: The epidemiology of measles in Oman has shown a decreasing trend since the introduction of vaccines with high coverage, even at the district level. Oman achieved elimination status in 2019. Currently, measles epidemiology is characterized by a small number of imported and importation-related cases with limited spread in the community.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Virology, School of Public Health, National Measles Laboratory (NML), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Measles, an ongoing public health concern, demands continuous molecular surveillance and virus characterization for elimination. Despite Iran achieving measles elimination status in 2019 through robust molecular testing and vaccination, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global vaccination efforts, leading to increased measles-related morbidity and mortality. This study aims to overview measles virus serological and molecular traits in Iran from 1st January 2021 to 30th April 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Epidemiol
January 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Estimating the durability of immunity from vaccination is complicated by unreported re-vaccination, and unobserved natural infection or reexposure, which could result in overestimation of protection longevity. We tested serial cross-sectional serum samples from 2005 to 2015 (N=2,530) for IgG to examine measles seroprevalence, spatiotemporal patterns of titers across regions and antibody dynamics among children aged 1-9 years who grew up during varying measles circulation in Madagascar under a one-dose vaccination schedule. We found that measles seroprevalence has generally decreased over this time period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
January 2025
Gulf Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
In January 2021, the Gulf Health Council (GHC), established the Gulf Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (Gulf CDC) in Riyadh, marking a pivotal step in harmonizing health strategies, enhancing knowledge generation, and promoting evidence-based approaches to both communicable (CD) and non-communicable diseases (NCD). The Gulf CDC's mission includes consolidating the region's health information systems, crucial for monitoring disease burden and shaping effective public health policies. An initial assessment of public health surveillance systems across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states was conducted by the Gulf CDC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
January 2025
Department of Immunization Programme and Management,Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai519000, China Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing100050, China.
A total of 1 159 measles cases were reported in Zhuhai City from 2005 to 2022, with an average annual incidence rate of 4.21/10 (0-30.51/10).
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