Introduction: This study aimed to assess the impact of prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF on first-line immunochemotherapy in advanced NSCLC.
Methods: A cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC who received first-line immunochemotherapy at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2019 and July 2024 was selected for this study. Patients were divided into the following two groups: a treatment group that received prophylactic PEG-rhG-CSF (≥1 cycle) 48 hours after immunochemotherapy and a control group that did not receive PEG-rhG-CSF. The primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate, and safety. A propensity score-matched analysis was performed to reduce potential confounders.
Results: A total of 220 patients were enrolled, with 87 in the treatment group and 133 in the control group. Median PFS was 10.5 months in both the treatment and control groups ( = 0.86), and median OS was 33.9 months in the treatment group versus not reached in the control group ( = 0.71). The overall response rate was 64.4% in the treatment group and 58.6% in the control group ( = 0.40). After propensity score-matched analysis (each group included 78 patients), median PFS was 12.6 months in the treatment group versus 10.5 months in the control group ( = 0.99), and median OS remained 30.3 months in the treatment group versus not reached in the control group ( = 0.85). The treatment group had a reduced incidence of chemotherapy interruptions, any grade of leukopenia, any grade of neutropenia, and grades 3 to 5 neutropenia, without an increase in immune-related adverse events.
Conclusions: The prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing first-line immunochemotherapy did not compromise efficacy and safety. It reduced chemotherapy interruptions and neutropenia, without increasing immune-related adverse events, thus supporting safe and uninterrupted treatment.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773054 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtocrr.2024.100780 | DOI Listing |
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