The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases is rising, and this is fuelled by inflammation, which tends to be worse in individuals with vitamin D (VD) deficiency. While non-steroidal anti-inflammatory interventions are available, they present with coagulation events. Hence, alternative therapy in the form of VD supplements is gaining research interest. This study reviewed the effect of VD supplementation on inflammation, focusing on nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κβ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) across different cardiometabolic disease. Thirty-seven studies, 16 rodent models and 21 clinical studies were evaluated. The study considered evidence from rodent models to understand the effect of VD on these markers of inflammation and its translatability to clinical studies. While the potential benefits of VD were notable in rodents, these effects were less consistent in clinical studies. Notably, rodent models showed a more pronounced impact of VD in reducing NF-κβ and TNF-α; however, clinical trials reported conflicting findings. Furthermore, the VD was important in reducing MCP-1 across different rodent models; this was partially demonstrated in clinical trials. Based on these findings, VD modulates inflammation in cardiometabolic disease by inhibiting the activation of NF-κβ and suppressing the production of TNF-α and MCP-1. Although VD has some possible benefits in rodent models, the translatability of these findings in clinical trials is limited. Hence, the presented evidence in this study calls for further randomised controlled trials to assess the effect of VD on inflammation in patients living with different conditions as a therapy to curb the inflammation and the risk thereof. Future trials should also focus on exploring the VD dose-response, optimal dose, and duration of VD intervention among these patients that may offer optimal benefits on inflammation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2025.100348 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.
A high-calorie diet and lack of exercise are the most important risk factors contributing to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) initiation and progression. The precise molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial function alteration during MASLD development remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, a total of 60 male C57BL/6J mice were maintained on a normal or amylin liver NASH (AMLN) diet for 6 or 10 weeks.
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January 2025
General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, 359 North Friendship Road, Sayibak, Ürümqi, 830000, Xinjiang, China.
The inflammatory response of lung tissue and abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells are involved in the pathogenesis of high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). Halofuginone (HF), an active ingredient derivative of Chang Shan (Dichroa febrifuga Lour. [Hydrangeaceae]), has antiproliferative, antihypertrophic, antifibrotic, and other effects, but its protective effects on HAPH remains unclear.
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January 2025
Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, notoriously refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Historically, sulfane sulfur-based compounds have been explored for the treatment of HCC, but their efficacy has been underwhelming. We recently reported a novel sulfane sulfur donor, PSCP, which exhibited improved chemical stability and structural malleability.
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January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Acoustically probing biological tissues with light or sound, photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging can provide anatomical, functional, and/or molecular information at depths far beyond the optical diffusion limit. However, most photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging systems rely on linear-array transducers with elevational focusing and are limited to two-dimensional imaging with anisotropic resolutions. Here, we present three-dimensional diffractive acoustic tomography (3D-DAT), which uses an off-the-shelf linear-array transducer with single-slit acoustic diffraction.
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January 2025
Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France.
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) involve dysregulated CD4 T cell responses against liver self-antigens, but how these autoreactive T cells relate to liver tissue pathology remains unclear. Here we perform single-cell transcriptomic and T cell receptor analyses of circulating, self-antigen-specific CD4 T cells from patients with AILD and identify a subset of liver-autoreactive CD4 T cells with a distinct B-helper transcriptional profile characterized by PD-1, TIGIT and HLA-DR expression. These cells share clonal relationships with expanded intrahepatic T cells and exhibit transcriptional signatures overlapping with tissue-resident T cells in chronically inflamed environments.
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