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Surgery for chronic pyothorax after failed amplatzer closure of bronchopleural fistula.

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Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, and Lung Transplantation, Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.

Background: Post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a life-threatening event whose treatment is not standardized.

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Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a feared and potentially life-threatening complication of pneumonectomy. Clinical features such as a productive cough and subcutaneous emphysema raise suspicion of BPF with CT imaging and bronchoscopy providing a definitive diagnosis. In light of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with the condition, a significant proportion of cases necessitate surgical repair of the bronchial stump.

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Broncho-pleural fistula after pneumonectomy is a life-threatening condition with very high mortality rate, even if detected early. All symptomatic patients should be treated immediately. The diagnosis in the absence of symptoms poses the real difficulties of management.

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