Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and one of the leading causes of death in elderly patients. The number of patients with AD in the United States is projected to double by 2060. Thus, understanding modifiable risk factors for AD is an urgent public health priority. In parallel with AD patients, the number of cancer survivors is estimated to increase significantly, and up to 80% of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy will develop cognitive deficits, termed chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). This Review discusses biologically plausible pathways underlying both disorders, with the goal of understanding why a proportion of chemotherapy patients may be at higher risk of developing AD. Highlighted are the E4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal and synaptic loss, cellular senescence, brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling, white matter damage, blood-brain barrier/vascular dysfunction, tau pathology, and transposable element reactivation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.12.013 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The biological intersection between chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
Am J Pathol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and one of the leading causes of death in elderly patients. The number of patients with AD in the United States is projected to double by 2060. Thus, understanding modifiable risk factors for AD is an urgent public health priority.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment and Changes in Neural Network Dynamics: A Systematic Review.
Neurology
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY; and.
Background And Objectives: This systematic review aims to synthesize the current literature on the association between chemotherapy (CTX) and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) with functional and structural brain alterations in patients with noncentral nervous system cancers.
Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted, and results were reported following preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses guidelines. Data on study design, comparison cohort characteristics, patient demographics, cancer type, CTX agents, neuroimaging methods, structural and functional connectivity (FC) changes, and cognitive/psychological assessments in adult patients were extracted and reported.
The effects of regular exercise on cognitive and cardiometabolic health in testicular cancer survivors subjected to platinum-based chemotherapy.
Andrology
January 2025
Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy provides curative treatment to more than 95% of patients with testicular germ cell tumor but it has negative cardiometabolic and neurological effects. Regular exercise can alleviate late chemotherapy-related toxicities. We examined the impact of a 6-month supervised aerobic-strength training on cognitive and cardiometabolic health and residual level of platinum in cancer survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoflumilast attenuates doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide combination-induced chemobrain in rats through modulation of NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1/GSDMD axis.
Life Sci
February 2025
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address:
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor on cognitive impairment induced by doxorubicin (DOX)/cyclophosphamide (CP) combination therapy and to elucidate its modulatory effect on the pyroptosis pathway.
Materials And Methods: Rats were allocated into five groups: a control group, a DOX/CP-intoxicated group, two groups receiving DOX/CP plus low-dose (0.5 mg/kg/day) or high-dose (1 mg/kg/day) roflumilast, and a roflumilast-only group.
Evidence of compensatory neural hyperactivity in a subgroup of breast cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy and its association with brain aging.
Front Aging Neurosci
December 2024
Division of Adult Health, School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
Introduction: Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) remains poorly understood in terms of the mechanisms of cognitive decline. Neural hyperactivity has been reported on average in cancer survivors, but it is unclear which patients demonstrate this neurophenotype, limiting precision medicine in this population.
Methods: We evaluated a retrospective sample of 80 breast cancer survivors and 80 non-cancer controls, aged 35-73, for which we had previously identified and validated three data-driven, biological subgroups (biotypes) of CRCI.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!