Heartwood, serving as the central constituent of the xylem, plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and resilience of trees. The process of heartwood formation constitutes a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various factors. A thorough examination of the mechanisms underpinning heartwood formation not only enhances our understanding of the growth and developmental paradigms regulating trees but also provides essential theoretical support and practical insights for the timber industry, forestry management, and ecological conservation. This paper offers an overview of the foundational processes involved in heartwood formation in plants. Furthermore, it presents a comprehensive review of the latest research advancements in this domain, covering five key aspects: metabolism, hormonal regulation, transcriptional regulation, cell biology, and environmental influences. This review serves as a valuable basis for future research endeavors in related academic fields.
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Advances in the Study of Heartwood Formation in Trees.
Life (Basel)
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China.
Heartwood, serving as the central constituent of the xylem, plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and resilience of trees. The process of heartwood formation constitutes a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various factors. A thorough examination of the mechanisms underpinning heartwood formation not only enhances our understanding of the growth and developmental paradigms regulating trees but also provides essential theoretical support and practical insights for the timber industry, forestry management, and ecological conservation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTropical tree species with high wood specific gravity have higher concentrations of wood phosphorus and are more efficient at resorbing it.
AoB Plants
January 2025
CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêt de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, France.
Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) play important roles in plant metabolism and hydraulic balance, respectively, while calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are important components of cell walls. Although significant amounts of these nutrients are found in wood, relatively little is known on how the wood concentrations of these nutrients are related to other wood traits, or on the factors driving the resorption of these nutrients within stems. We measured wood nutrient (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch on using Aquilaria sinensis callus to evaluate the agarwood-inducing potential of fungi.
PLoS One
December 2024
Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Control of Diseases and Pests of South Plantation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China.
Agarwood is a precious resinous heartwood highly valued for its cultural, religious, and medicinal significance. With the increasing market demand, natural agarwood resources are rapidly depleting, making the development of effective artificial induction methods for agarwood highly significant. This study aims to explore the feasibility of using callus tissue to assess the ability of fungi to induce agarwood formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynergistic antimicrobial effects of thiamine dilauryl sulphate combined with the heartwood extract of Pterocarpus marsupium and antifungal mechanism in their combination.
Lett Appl Microbiol
January 2025
Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
Thiamine dilauryl sulphate (TDS) exerts a bacteriostatic effect against Gram-positive bacteria and is used as a food additive. The heartwood extract of the Indian kino tree (Pterocarpus marsupium), a medicinal tree native to India, shows weak antimicrobial effects against bacteria and superficial dermatophyte-infective fungi. Herein, we report that the combination of TDS and P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl monoacyl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) associated with the synthesis of terpenoids in Santalum album L.
Gene
March 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. Electronic address:
Santalum album is an economically important plant in the craft, spices and medicine industries. The main chemical constituents found in sandalwood essential oils are sesquiterpenes. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl monoacyl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is one of the rate-limiting enzymes required for the synthesis of sandal sesquiterpenes, but there are no studies on the HMGR gene in S.
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