A new method for the precise semiempirical determination of the basic parameters (structural parameters and parameters of the intramolecular potential energy surface, PES) of a molecule on the basis of highly accurate experimental data from the microwave and submillimeter-wave regions is suggested. The options and advantages of this method in comparison with the other methods of molecular PES determination are discussed using a diatomic molecule as an appropriate illustration. The HCl molecule is exploited as a suitable example. It is shown with this example that the use of a very limited number (ten for HCl and five for DCl) of submillimeter-wave line positions allows one to determine the values of the equilibrium rotational parameter, harmonic frequency, and anharmonic coefficients of the third, fourth, and fifth order with accuracy of 0.01%, 0.01%, 0.01%, 2.1%, and 10.1%, respectively, in comparison with the analogous results obtained from extensive infrared studies.
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