Background: Accurate and timely diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, including complex (MTBC) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), is crucial for effective disease management.
Methods: This study evaluated the performance of the NeoPlex TB/NTM-5 Detection Kit (NeoPlex assay, Seongnam, Republic of Korea), a multiplex real-time PCR assay that incorporates melting curve analysis, compared with the line-probe assay (LPA). The NeoPlex assay could simultaneously detect and differentiate MTBC from five other NTM species: , , , , and . A total of 91 acid-fast bacillus culture-positive samples, comprising 36 MTBC and 55 NTM isolates, were collected from the Korea University Anam Hospital.
Results: The NeoPlex assay successfully detected nucleic acids in 87 of the 91 isolates (95.6%). Notably, it identified additional mycobacterial nucleic acids not detected by the LPA in eight isolates. These findings were confirmed via DNA sequencing. The assay had 100% sensitivity and specificity for , , , NTM, and MTBC, whereas it had 100% specificity and sensitivity of 90.9% and 75.0% for and , respectively.
Conclusions: These results highlight the potential of the NeoPlex assay to enhance rapid and accurate diagnosis of mycobacterial infections, particularly in settings in which prompt treatment initiation is essential.
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Evaluation of a Commercial Multiplex Real-Time PCR with Melting Curve Analysis for the Detection of Complex and Five Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Species.
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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