Gas chromatography and GC/MS analysis of essential oil composition obtained from different parts of Myrrhoides nodosa (L.) Cannon has been carried out. Regarding the essential oil composition, 33 compounds have been identified in the oil isolated from the aerial parts of M. nodosa and 42 from roots (accounting for 98.2% and 96.9% of all, respectively), with germacrene D (60.7%) being the major component in aerial parts. On the other hand, the essential oils obtained from roots of M. nodosa consisted mainly of nonterpenoid compounds with methyl eugenol (30.4%) as dominant compound. The potential use of chemical composition of essential oils as chemotaxonomic markers in determining chemotaxonomic relationships of the genus Myrrhoides, which is a monotypic genus with only one species: Myrrhoides nodosa (L.) Cannon, and with those of related genus Chaerophyllum have been discussed in detail. The obtained results fully justify the latest systematization in which the species Myrrhoides becomes member of Chaerophyllum genus again.
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